NCQA Health Insurance with KFF Predictors
Megan McLeod, Jeff Berinstein, and Peter Higgins
3/26/19
Title: Why Westerners Are Dissatisfied: A Cross-Sectional Study Identifying State-Level Factors Associated with Variation in Private Health Insurance Satisfaction
Running Title: State-Level Factors in Insurance Satisfaction
Authors:
Megan McLeod, BA* (1) and Jeffrey A. Berinstein, MD, MSc* (1, 2) Calen A. Steiner, MD, MS (1) Kelly Cushing MD, MS (1) Shirley A. Cohen Mekelburg MD, MS (1, 2) Peter D.R. Higgins, MD, PhD, MSc (1)
- University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
Grant Support: MM is supported by TL1TR002242. JAB is supported by T32 DK062708, PDRH is supported by R01 DK109302, R01 DK118154, and T32 DK062708.
Corresponding Author: Megan McLeod, BA mrmcleod@med.umich.edu 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Phone: (734) 936-8596 Fax: (734) 936-7392
Author Contributions: Study concept and design: All authors Acquisition: Higgins, Berinstein, McLeod Analysis or interpretation of data: All authors Drafting of the manuscript: Higgins, Berinstein, McLeod Figures: Higgins, Berinstein, McLeod Critical revision of the manuscript: All authors Final approval: All authors
Disclosures:
All authors report no disclosures relevant to this manuscript.
Abbreviations: Affordable Care Act (ACA); Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS); Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF); Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS); National Committee for Quality Assurance’s (NCQA); Primary Medical Doctor (PMD); United Health Foundation (UHF); Variance inflation factor (VIF);
Length: Abstract: 250 Article: 2981 References: 62 Tables: 2 Figures: 2 Supplemental Material: 6 Tables. 0 Figures.
| Abstract: |
| Importance: Large regional variations in consumer satisfaction with private health insurance plans have been observed, but the factors driving this variation are unknown. |
| Objective: To identify explanatory state-level and insurance family-level predictors of satsifaction with private health insurance. |
| Design: Cross-sectional study examining regional and state variations in consumer health insurance plan satisfaction using National Committee for Quality Assurance data from 2015 to 2018, state-level health data and parent insurance family. |
| Setting: US Population |
| Participants: Privately insured individuals. |
| Exposure: One of 2176 private health insurance plans. |
| Main Outcome: Consumer satisfaction with the health insurance plan on a 0-5 scale. |
| RESULTS: Consumer satisfaction with health insurance was consistently lowest in the West (p<0.0001). Lower private health insurance plan satisfaction was associated with the percentage of the population without a place of usual medical care, the percentage of the state population that is Hispanic, and the percentage of the population reporting any mental illness. Factors associated with increasing insurance satisfaction included higher healthcare spending per capita, a higher number of for-profit beds per capita, and an increased cancer death rate. Increased consumer satisfaction was associated with the Kaiser and Anthem insurance plan families. |
| Conclusions and Relevance: State and insurer family factors are predictive of private health insurance plan satisfaction. Potentially modifiable factors include access to primary care, healthcare spending per capita, and numbers of for-profit hospital beds. This information will help consumers hold insurance providers accountable to provide higher quality and more desirable coverage and provide actionable items to improve health insurance satisfaction. |
Introduction: Insurance plan selection is a complex decision with many important health and financial implications.1 Consumers’ ability to make informed decisions about health insurance plans is limited.2–8 Gaining insight into the factors contributing to consumer health insurance plan satisfaction will help consumers hold states and insurers accountable and identify actionable items to improve health insurance coverage. The National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) is an independent nonprofit agency that collects information about non-subsidized health insurance plans and provides both certifications and ratings of consumer satisfaction, prevention, and treatment.9 A preliminary analysis of NCQA health insurance satisfaction among private insurance enrollees revealed that there is significant regional and state-level variation in consumer satisfaction (Figure 1). Each state has its own insurance regulations and distinct state-level insurance plans, suggesting that there may be modifiable state-level factors driving consumer satisfaction. This study aimed to identify the regional and state-level factors associated with health insurance satisfaction among private health insurance plan enrollees in the United States. Understanding this variation is the first step toward better meeting the needs of insured individuals. —————
Setup
#Data
| year | Midwest (N=702) | Northeast (N=460) | South (N=509) | West (N=480) | Total (N=2151) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | mean_consumersat | < 0.0001 | |||||
| - Mean (SD) | 3.1135 (0.2123) | 3.3879 (0.3309) | 3.0000 (0.1710) | 2.3800 (0.3283) | 2.9796 (0.4341) | ||
| - Range | 2.5000 - 3.4250 | 2.8333 - 3.9286 | 2.7857 - 3.4375 | 1.8750 - 3.6000 | 1.8750 - 3.9286 | ||
| 2016 | mean_consumersat | < 0.0001 | |||||
| - Mean (SD) | 3.1657 (0.2519) | 3.3291 (0.3030) | 3.0833 (0.2776) | 2.4057 (0.3843) | 3.0119 (0.4515) | ||
| - Range | 2.6667 - 3.8333 | 2.6786 - 3.8000 | 2.6765 - 3.8889 | 1.8636 - 3.9000 | 1.8636 - 3.9000 | ||
| 2017 | mean_consumersat | < 0.0001 | |||||
| - Mean (SD) | 2.9853 (0.3156) | 3.3448 (0.2165) | 3.2017 (0.2645) | 2.3664 (0.3929) | 2.9770 (0.4666) | ||
| - Range | 2.0000 - 3.4167 | 2.8571 - 3.7143 | 2.8125 - 4.0000 | 1.9000 - 4.0000 | 1.9000 - 4.0000 | ||
| 2018 | mean_consumersat | < 0.0001 | |||||
| - Mean (SD) | 3.2380 (0.2237) | 3.4144 (0.3121) | 3.1890 (0.2485) | 2.5256 (0.4751) | 3.1036 (0.4529) | ||
| - Range | 3.0000 - 3.8889 | 3.0938 - 3.9250 | 2.8125 - 3.9375 | 2.0000 - 4.2000 | 2.0000 - 4.2000 |
Call: lm(formula = fulltable_2016_filt\(mean_consumersat ~ fulltable_2016_filt\)region, data = fulltable_2016_filt)
Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -0.65049 -0.13596 -0.03074 0.09426 1.49426
Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value (Intercept) 3.16575 0.02248 140.826 fulltable_2016_filt\(regionNortheast 0.16331 0.03588 4.552 fulltable_2016_filt\)regionSouth -0.08241 0.03509 -2.349 fulltable_2016_filt\(regionWest -0.76001 0.03543 -21.453 Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 *** fulltable_2016_filt\)regionNortheast 0.00000656 fulltable_2016_filt\(regionSouth 0.0192 * fulltable_2016_filt\)regionWest < 0.0000000000000002 — Signif. codes: 0 ‘’ 0.001 ’’ 0.01 ’’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ’ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 0.3024 on 542 degrees of freedom (13 observations deleted due to missingness) Multiple R-squared: 0.5538, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5513 F-statistic: 224.2 on 3 and 542 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
2.5 % 97.5 %(Intercept) 3.12158764 3.20990407 fulltable_2016_filt\(regionNortheast 0.09284033 0.23378761 fulltable_2016_filt\)regionSouth -0.15134048 -0.01348456 fulltable_2016_filt$regionWest -0.82959913 -0.69041718 #Choropleths
[1] “ee05e09e76f1142994ead1d70d4d8556b03e0876” # A tibble: 50 x 2 # Groups: state [50] state consumer_satisfaction_rating 
#> [1] 292
| predictor | estimate | p.value |
|---|---|---|
| consumersat | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_no_place_care_2014 | -0.0527229 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 | -0.0444456 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_hispanic_2016 | -2.3732666 | 0.0000000 |
| hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016 | 0.0015304 | 0.0000000 |
| hosp_rate_total_2016 | 0.0017377 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016 | 0.0760691 | 0.0000000 |
| hc_exp_per_cap_2014 | 0.0002039 | 0.0000000 |
| num_non_profit_beds_2016 | 0.3423937 | 0.0000000 |
| cancer_death_rate_2016 | 0.0158409 | 0.0000000 |
| num_total_beds_2016 | 0.3378640 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_pop_age55.64_2016 | 0.1619180 | 0.0000000 |
| land_area | -0.0000032 | 0.0000000 |
| insur_spend_per_cap_2014 | 0.0003792 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_smoke_2016 | 0.0540012 | 0.0000000 |
| prevention | 0.2246759 | 0.0000000 |
| pct_citizen_2016 | 0.0553502 | 0.0000001 |
| pct_pop_age65_2016 | 0.1102111 | 0.0000001 |
| no_pcp_per_pop | 0.5384562 | 0.0000001 |
| no_total_md_pop | 0.2198024 | 0.0000003 |
| pct_uninsured_2013 | -0.0303042 | 0.0000003 |
| pct_male_2016 | -0.2076178 | 0.0000005 |
| pct_female_2016 | 0.2076178 | 0.0000005 |
| no_specialists_per_pop | 0.3545885 | 0.0000008 |
| pct_white_2016 | 0.8782758 | 0.0000675 |
| all_drug_od_death_rate_2016 | 0.0143069 | 0.0000794 |
| opioid_od_death_rate_2016 | 0.0147755 | 0.0001226 |
| pct_black_2016 | 1.4176577 | 0.0001749 |
| avg_sing_prem_employee_cont_2016 | 0.0006556 | 0.0001776 |
| pct_any_mental_illness_2016 | -0.0701676 | 0.0004743 |
| pct_fpv100.199_2016 | -0.0460705 | 0.0004966 |
| cvs_death_rate_2016 | 0.0046637 | 0.0005070 |
| death_rate_2016 | 0.0014427 | 0.0005671 |
| pct_disability_2016 | 0.0556366 | 0.0015011 |
| hosp_rate_forprofit_hosp_2016 | -0.0014283 | 0.0032523 |
| total_pc_hpsa_2017 | -0.0006940 | 0.0057666 |
| pct_hdhp_2017 | 0.0090539 | 0.0071319 |
| flu_pna_death_2016 | 0.0272824 | 0.0087954 |
| pct_pop_age26.34_2016 | -0.0799080 | 0.0100976 |
| pct_pop_age19.25_2016 | -0.1185387 | 0.0148635 |
| pct_needs_met_2017 | 0.0047689 | 0.0227838 |
| med_house_income_2016 | -0.0000090 | 0.0233270 |
| no_insure_.5._mark_share_2016 | 0.0449205 | 0.0249351 |
| total_medicaid_enroll_2017 | 0.0000000 | 0.0316195 |
| avg_bench_mktplace_prem | 0.0013206 | 0.0333729 |
| rx_opioid_deaths_16 | 0.0000902 | 0.0393111 |
| num_for_profit_beds_2016 | -0.2189879 | 0.0431268 |
| pct_uninsured_2016 | -0.0155880 | 0.0454922 |
| quality_value_2016 | -0.1410028 | 0.0471722 |
| pct_fpv200.399_2016 | -0.0249619 | 0.0499984 |
| pct_asian_2016 | -1.2888285 | 0.0595959 |
| pct_unemployed_2016 | -0.0709245 | 0.0621942 |
| no_practitioners_needed_2017 | -0.0001448 | 0.0637474 |
| avg_fam_prem_employer_cont_2016 | 0.0000587 | 0.0724246 |
| expansion_2017 | -0.1218350 | 0.0744005 |
| pop_hpsa_2017 | 0.0000000 | 0.0815072 |
| pop_2016.y | 0.0000000 | 0.0833108 |
| quality_rank_2016 | 0.0040942 | 0.0929717 |
| forclosure_rate_2016 | 0.0000330 | 0.1007143 |
| pop_density | 0.0001968 | 0.1027890 |
| avg_sing_prem_total_2016 | 0.0001635 | 0.1033919 |
| pct_fpv.400_2016 | 0.0090008 | 0.1069429 |
| pct_fpv.100_2016 | 0.0175231 | 0.1364129 |
| economic_distress_rank_2016 | 0.0034293 | 0.1372565 |
| avg_fam_prem_total_2016 | 0.0000529 | 0.1439558 |
| firearm_death_rate_2016 | -0.0107041 | 0.1487467 |
| pct_pop_age35.54_2016 | -0.0397237 | 0.1590425 |
| pct_change_monthly_umployment_2016 | 0.0031761 | 0.3059324 |
| pct_pot_mkt_pop_enrol_2016 | 0.0033072 | 0.3069986 |
| pct_serious_mental_illness_2016 | -0.0575452 | 0.3368718 |
| gross_margins_per_member_2016 | 0.0010401 | 0.3442392 |
| avg_fam_prem_employee_cont_2016 | -0.0000383 | 0.4560268 |
| no_pcp_2018 | -0.0000018 | 0.4902576 |
| hosp_rate_gov_hosp_2016 | -0.0002596 | 0.5491889 |
| avg_sing_prem_employer_cont_2016 | -0.0000663 | 0.5654795 |
| no_total_md_2018 | -0.0000007 | 0.5814335 |
| avg_monthly_SNAP_2016 | 0.0000000 | 0.6106906 |
| expend_per_cap_2016 | 0.0000091 | 0.6245358 |
| no_insur_provid_2016 | -0.0039027 | 0.6263344 |
| no_specialist_2018 | -0.0000010 | 0.6690742 |
| pct_change_monthly_SNAP_2016 | 0.0022463 | 0.7143639 |
| pct_reported_poor_health_2016 | 0.0027148 | 0.8231121 |
| market_share_largest_insure_2016 | 0.0000852 | 0.9607499 |
| herfindahl_hirschman_Index_2016 | -0.0000002 | 0.9908335 |
| num_gov_beds_2016 | -0.0006875 | 0.9943305 |
uni1 <- lm(consumersat ~ pct_no_place_care_2014, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni1)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_no_place_care_2014, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.86338 -0.51101 -0.01101 0.48899 1.96263
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 3.859845 0.102770 37.558 <0.0000000000000002
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.052723 0.006099 -8.644 <0.0000000000000002
#>
#> (Intercept) ***
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.716 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.1208, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1191
#> F-statistic: 74.72 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
confint(uni1)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 3.65796969 4.06172070
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.06470413 -0.04074164
uni2 <- lm(consumersat ~ pct_hispanic_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni2)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_hispanic_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.71415 -0.50056 -0.07176 0.44604 2.09437
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 3.3328 0.0511 65.216 < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> pct_hispanic_2016 -2.3733 0.3007 -7.892 0.0000000000000165 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7233 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.1027, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1011
#> F-statistic: 62.28 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.00000000000001647
confint(uni2)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 3.232431 3.433204
#> pct_hispanic_2016 -2.963985 -1.782548
uni4 <- lm(consumersat ~ hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni4)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.84212 -0.59879 -0.07583 0.48959 2.00528
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.3641888 0.0915539 25.823
#> hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016 0.0015304 0.0002035 7.522
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016 0.000000000000224 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7267 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.09421, Adjusted R-squared: 0.09254
#> F-statistic: 56.58 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.0000000000002245
confint(uni4)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 2.184346342 2.544031343
#> hosp_rate_nonprofit_hosp_2016 0.001130754 0.001930076
uni5 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$`pct_pop_age0.18_2016`, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni5)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age0.18_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.9409 -0.5388 -0.0388 0.4612 1.9612
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 5.38816 0.41490 12.987
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age0.18_2016 -0.09789 0.01704 -5.744
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age0.18_2016 0.0000000154 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7414 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.05719, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05545
#> F-statistic: 33 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.00000001538
confint(uni5)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 4.5731700 6.20315510
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age0.18_2016 -0.1313656 -0.06441482
uni6 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$cancer_death_rate_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni6)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$cancer_death_rate_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -2.01503 -0.50235 -0.03562 0.47388 2.43802
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 0.523251 0.381744 1.371 0.171
#> ncqa_kff$cancer_death_rate_2016 0.015841 0.002422 6.541 0.000000000141
#>
#> (Intercept)
#> ncqa_kff$cancer_death_rate_2016 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7352 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.07292, Adjusted R-squared: 0.07122
#> F-statistic: 42.79 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.0000000001408
confint(uni6)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) -0.22662180 1.2731247
#> ncqa_kff$cancer_death_rate_2016 0.01108402 0.0205978
uni7 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$`pct_pop_age55.64_2016`, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni7)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age55.64_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.97395 -0.47395 0.02605 0.52605 2.18797
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 0.86901 0.34397 2.526 0.0118
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age55.64_2016 0.16192 0.02588 6.256 0.000000000799
#>
#> (Intercept) *
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age55.64_2016 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7375 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.06712, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0654
#> F-statistic: 39.14 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.0000000007995
confint(uni7)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 0.1933310 1.5446942
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age55.64_2016 0.1110785 0.2127574
uni8 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$hosp_rate_total_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni8)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$hosp_rate_total_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.93509 -0.53935 -0.05673 0.51973 2.15005
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.0245616 0.1437081 14.088
#> ncqa_kff$hosp_rate_total_2016 0.0017377 0.0002469 7.039
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> ncqa_kff$hosp_rate_total_2016 0.00000000000585 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.731 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.08348, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0818
#> F-statistic: 49.55 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.000000000005848
confint(uni8)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 1.742270868 2.306852274
#> ncqa_kff$hosp_rate_total_2016 0.001252756 0.002222549
uni9 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age65_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni9)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age65_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -2.03653 -0.53653 -0.03653 0.46347 1.96347
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 1.27315 0.31735 4.012 0.0000686682 ***
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age65_2016 0.11021 0.02001 5.507 0.0000000564 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7431 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.0528, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05106
#> F-statistic: 30.32 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.00000005642
confint(uni9)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 0.6497815 1.8965262
#> ncqa_kff$pct_pop_age65_2016 0.0708974 0.1495247
uni10 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$num_non_profit_beds_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni10)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$num_non_profit_beds_2016,
#> data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.80760 -0.58151 -0.08151 0.47841 2.12392
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.3967 0.0948 25.282
#> ncqa_kff$num_non_profit_beds_2016 0.3424 0.0498 6.876
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> ncqa_kff$num_non_profit_beds_2016 0.0000000000169 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7324 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.07996, Adjusted R-squared: 0.07827
#> F-statistic: 47.28 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.00000000001694
confint(uni10)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 2.210508 2.5829421
#> ncqa_kff$num_non_profit_beds_2016 0.244579 0.4402085
uni11 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni11)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016,
#> data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.86093 -0.48819 -0.05563 0.44144 2.01941
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 3.59674 0.08916 40.342
#> ncqa_kff$pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016 0.07607 0.01086 7.005
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> ncqa_kff$pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016 0.0000000000073 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7313 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.08275, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08106
#> F-statistic: 49.08 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.000000000007302
confint(uni11)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 3.42161063 3.7718792
#> ncqa_kff$pct_change_uninsured_2013_2016 0.05473923 0.0973989
uni12 <- lm(consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_male_2016, data=ncqa_kff)
summary(uni12)
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ ncqa_kff$pct_male_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.81722 -0.52483 -0.02483 0.47517 2.18278
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 13.19810 2.00972 6.567 0.00000000012 ***
#> ncqa_kff$pct_male_2016 -0.20762 0.04096 -5.069 0.00000054876 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7462 on 544 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.0451, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04335
#> F-statistic: 25.7 on 1 and 544 DF, p-value: 0.0000005488
confint(uni12)
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 9.2503335 17.1458742
#> ncqa_kff$pct_male_2016 -0.2880721 -0.1271634#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ plantype + state, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.89875 -0.37899 -0.01428 0.36462 1.71245
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 2.726345 0.361346 7.545 0.000000000000227
#> plantypeAnthem 0.576226 0.162344 3.549 0.000424
#> plantypeBlue 0.300898 0.124526 2.416 0.016047
#> plantypeCigna 0.004239 0.120048 0.035 0.971848
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.030699 0.128931 0.238 0.811904
#> plantypeCoventry -0.108388 0.165252 -0.656 0.512206
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.120923 0.249522 0.485 0.628168
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.422787 0.247745 1.707 0.088551
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.195688 0.374838 -0.522 0.601867
#> plantypeHumana -0.355179 0.156969 -2.263 0.024096
#> plantypeKaiser 0.767154 0.227752 3.368 0.000817
#> plantypeMedica -0.091439 0.265097 -0.345 0.730299
#> plantypeOther 0.298774 0.096189 3.106 0.002007
#> plantypeUnited -0.089517 0.099233 -0.902 0.367456
#> stateAlaska -0.376794 0.565652 -0.666 0.505651
#> stateArizona -0.048321 0.408329 -0.118 0.905850
#> stateArkansas 0.500000 0.502383 0.995 0.320110
#> stateCalifornia -0.598131 0.385466 -1.552 0.121387
#> stateColorado -0.536200 0.394529 -1.359 0.174752
#> stateConnecticut 0.334602 0.397177 0.842 0.399953
#> stateDelaware 0.290634 0.412120 0.705 0.481014
#> stateFlorida 0.368532 0.386599 0.953 0.340932
#> stateGeorgia 0.237459 0.396499 0.599 0.549526
#> stateHawaii 0.781205 0.457005 1.709 0.088019
#> stateIdaho -0.352560 0.409970 -0.860 0.390234
#> stateIllinois 0.377450 0.385130 0.980 0.327548
#> stateIndiana 0.142730 0.407588 0.350 0.726355
#> stateIowa 0.388061 0.391836 0.990 0.322491
#> stateKansas 0.270755 0.401144 0.675 0.500026
#> stateKentucky 0.043856 0.408528 0.107 0.914556
#> stateLouisiana 1.163668 0.412674 2.820 0.005003
#> stateMaine 0.738038 0.421107 1.753 0.080303
#> stateMaryland 0.041286 0.385543 0.107 0.914766
#> stateMassachusetts 0.264488 0.391081 0.676 0.499173
#> stateMichigan -0.002042 0.396304 -0.005 0.995891
#> stateMinnesota 0.289395 0.417442 0.693 0.488480
#> stateMississippi 1.130298 0.437265 2.585 0.010032
#> stateMissouri 0.401731 0.393724 1.020 0.308081
#> stateMontana 0.042720 0.451439 0.095 0.924648
#> stateNebraska 0.145307 0.410747 0.354 0.723671
#> stateNevada -0.983477 0.402802 -2.442 0.014981
#> stateNew Hampshire 0.855442 0.409329 2.090 0.037153
#> stateNew Jersey -0.208664 0.394545 -0.529 0.597137
#> stateNew Mexico -0.820639 0.418583 -1.961 0.050510
#> stateNew York 0.371506 0.385088 0.965 0.335164
#> stateNorth Carolina 0.292491 0.419259 0.698 0.485739
#> stateNorth Dakota 0.267541 0.510624 0.524 0.600554
#> stateOhio 0.262430 0.392337 0.669 0.503885
#> stateOklahoma 0.590793 0.470009 1.257 0.209367
#> stateOregon -0.555350 0.403897 -1.375 0.169775
#> statePennsylvania 0.554481 0.387768 1.430 0.153383
#> stateRhode Island 0.554361 0.418583 1.324 0.186004
#> stateSouth Carolina 0.552453 0.426802 1.294 0.196146
#> stateSouth Dakota 0.448721 0.447737 1.002 0.316751
#> stateTennessee 1.034853 0.402185 2.573 0.010377
#> stateTexas 0.374950 0.394070 0.951 0.341836
#> stateUtah -0.664268 0.426092 -1.559 0.119656
#> stateVermont 0.582023 0.420876 1.383 0.167339
#> stateVirginia -0.231929 0.388140 -0.598 0.550428
#> stateWashington -0.481704 0.393406 -1.224 0.221382
#> stateWest Virginia 0.174574 0.474163 0.368 0.712905
#> stateWisconsin 0.541348 0.386616 1.400 0.162090
#> stateWyoming -0.166667 0.502383 -0.332 0.740220
#>
#> (Intercept) ***
#> plantypeAnthem ***
#> plantypeBlue *
#> plantypeCigna
#> plantypeConnecticut General
#> plantypeCoventry
#> plantypeGroup Health
#> plantypeHealth Alliance .
#> plantypeHealth Net
#> plantypeHumana *
#> plantypeKaiser ***
#> plantypeMedica
#> plantypeOther **
#> plantypeUnited
#> stateAlaska
#> stateArizona
#> stateArkansas
#> stateCalifornia
#> stateColorado
#> stateConnecticut
#> stateDelaware
#> stateFlorida
#> stateGeorgia
#> stateHawaii .
#> stateIdaho
#> stateIllinois
#> stateIndiana
#> stateIowa
#> stateKansas
#> stateKentucky
#> stateLouisiana **
#> stateMaine .
#> stateMaryland
#> stateMassachusetts
#> stateMichigan
#> stateMinnesota
#> stateMississippi *
#> stateMissouri
#> stateMontana
#> stateNebraska
#> stateNevada *
#> stateNew Hampshire *
#> stateNew Jersey
#> stateNew Mexico .
#> stateNew York
#> stateNorth Carolina
#> stateNorth Dakota
#> stateOhio
#> stateOklahoma
#> stateOregon
#> statePennsylvania
#> stateRhode Island
#> stateSouth Carolina
#> stateSouth Dakota
#> stateTennessee *
#> stateTexas
#> stateUtah
#> stateVermont
#> stateVirginia
#> stateWashington
#> stateWest Virginia
#> stateWisconsin
#> stateWyoming
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6153 on 483 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.4235, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3495
#> F-statistic: 5.722 on 62 and 483 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ state, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.800 -0.400 0.000 0.375 1.867
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 2.666667 0.372144 7.166 0.00000000000282 ***
#> stateAlaska -0.166667 0.588411 -0.283 0.77710
#> stateArizona -0.066667 0.424309 -0.157 0.87522
#> stateArkansas 0.500000 0.526291 0.950 0.34255
#> stateCalifornia -0.291667 0.399080 -0.731 0.46522
#> stateColorado -0.309524 0.410083 -0.755 0.45074
#> stateConnecticut 0.564103 0.412857 1.366 0.17245
#> stateDelaware 0.388889 0.429715 0.905 0.36591
#> stateFlorida 0.500000 0.401961 1.244 0.21412
#> stateGeorgia 0.371795 0.412857 0.901 0.36827
#> stateHawaii 1.233333 0.470729 2.620 0.00906 **
#> stateIdaho -0.166667 0.424309 -0.393 0.69464
#> stateIllinois 0.458333 0.399080 1.148 0.25133
#> stateIndiana 0.333333 0.424309 0.786 0.43248
#> stateIowa 0.566667 0.407663 1.390 0.16514
#> stateKansas 0.291667 0.416070 0.701 0.48363
#> stateKentucky 0.133333 0.424309 0.314 0.75347
#> stateLouisiana 1.222222 0.429715 2.844 0.00464 **
#> stateMaine 1.020833 0.436377 2.339 0.01971 *
#> stateMaryland 0.280702 0.400447 0.701 0.48365
#> stateMassachusetts 0.520833 0.405534 1.284 0.19963
#> stateMichigan 0.297619 0.410083 0.726 0.46833
#> stateMinnesota 0.483333 0.424309 1.139 0.25521
#> stateMississippi 1.166667 0.455781 2.560 0.01077 *
#> stateMissouri 0.500000 0.407663 1.227 0.22059
#> stateMontana 0.133333 0.470729 0.283 0.77710
#> stateNebraska 0.283333 0.424309 0.668 0.50460
#> stateNevada -0.803030 0.419835 -1.913 0.05636 .
#> stateNew Hampshire 1.133333 0.424309 2.671 0.00781 **
#> stateNew Jersey 0.011905 0.410083 0.029 0.97685
#> stateNew Mexico -0.666667 0.436377 -1.528 0.12722
#> stateNew York 0.633333 0.399080 1.587 0.11315
#> stateNorth Carolina 0.395833 0.436377 0.907 0.36480
#> stateNorth Dakota 0.333333 0.492300 0.677 0.49866
#> stateOhio 0.466667 0.407663 1.145 0.25287
#> stateOklahoma 0.583333 0.492300 1.185 0.23662
#> stateOregon -0.303030 0.419835 -0.722 0.47077
#> statePennsylvania 0.858333 0.399080 2.151 0.03198 *
#> stateRhode Island 0.708333 0.436377 1.623 0.10518
#> stateSouth Carolina 0.619048 0.444797 1.392 0.16462
#> stateSouth Dakota 0.583333 0.455781 1.280 0.20120
#> stateTennessee 1.060606 0.419835 2.526 0.01184 *
#> stateTexas 0.366667 0.407663 0.899 0.36886
#> stateUtah -0.595238 0.444797 -1.338 0.18144
#> stateVermont 0.833333 0.436377 1.910 0.05675 .
#> stateVirginia 0.009804 0.403647 0.024 0.98063
#> stateWashington -0.229167 0.405534 -0.565 0.57226
#> stateWest Virginia 0.458333 0.492300 0.931 0.35230
#> stateWisconsin 0.733333 0.399080 1.838 0.06673 .
#> stateWyoming -0.166667 0.526291 -0.317 0.75162
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6446 on 496 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.3503, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2861
#> F-statistic: 5.457 on 49 and 496 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 1.93549377 3.39783957
#> stateAlaska -1.32275253 0.98941919
#> stateArizona -0.90033204 0.76699870
#> stateArkansas -0.53403463 1.53403463
#> stateCalifornia -1.07576225 0.49242891
#> stateColorado -1.11523710 0.49618948
#> stateConnecticut -0.24706094 1.37526606
#> stateDelaware -0.45539685 1.23317463
#> stateFlorida -0.28975699 1.28975699
#> stateGeorgia -0.43936863 1.18295837
#> stateHawaii 0.30846464 2.15820202
#> stateIdaho -1.00033204 0.66699870
#> stateIllinois -0.32576225 1.24242891
#> stateIndiana -0.50033204 1.16699870
#> stateIowa -0.23429311 1.36762645
#> stateKansas -0.52580949 1.10914282
#> stateKentucky -0.70033204 0.96699870
#> stateLouisiana 0.37793648 2.06650796
#> stateMaine 0.16345711 1.87820956
#> stateMaryland -0.50608063 1.06748413
#> stateMassachusetts -0.27594386 1.31761053
#> stateMichigan -0.50809424 1.10333234
#> stateMinnesota -0.35033204 1.31699870
#> stateMississippi 0.27116641 2.06216692
#> stateMissouri -0.30095978 1.30095978
#> stateMontana -0.79153536 1.05820202
#> stateNebraska -0.55033204 1.11699870
#> stateNevada -1.62790458 0.02184397
#> stateNew Hampshire 0.29966796 1.96699870
#> stateNew Jersey -0.79380853 0.81761805
#> stateNew Mexico -1.52404289 0.19070956
#> stateNew York -0.15076225 1.41742891
#> stateNorth Carolina -0.46154289 1.25320956
#> stateNorth Dakota -0.63391749 1.30058416
#> stateOhio -0.33429311 1.26762645
#> stateOklahoma -0.38391749 1.55058416
#> stateOregon -1.12790458 0.52184397
#> statePennsylvania 0.07423775 1.64242891
#> stateRhode Island -0.14904289 1.56570956
#> stateSouth Carolina -0.25487115 1.49296639
#> stateSouth Dakota -0.31216692 1.47883359
#> stateTennessee 0.23573178 1.88548034
#> stateTexas -0.43429311 1.16762645
#> stateUtah -1.46915686 0.27868067
#> stateVermont -0.02404289 1.69070956
#> stateVirginia -0.78326444 0.80287228
#> stateWashington -1.02594386 0.56761053
#> stateWest Virginia -0.50891749 1.42558416
#> stateWisconsin -0.05076225 1.51742891
#> stateWyoming -1.20070130 0.86736796
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ plantype, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -2.21104 -0.46739 0.03261 0.53940 1.78896
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.85294 0.09034 31.578
#> plantypeAnthem 0.59944 0.18599 3.223
#> plantypeBlue 0.20520 0.14515 1.414
#> plantypeCigna 0.11445 0.14222 0.805
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.10539 0.15356 0.686
#> plantypeCoventry 0.09706 0.18951 0.512
#> plantypeGroup Health -0.10294 0.27846 -0.370
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.52206 0.27846 1.875
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.35294 0.43951 -0.803
#> plantypeHumana -0.17903 0.17970 -0.996
#> plantypeKaiser 0.42484 0.26426 1.608
#> plantypeMedica 0.14706 0.25232 0.583
#> plantypeOther 0.35810 0.10847 3.301
#> plantypeUnited -0.04366 0.11783 -0.371
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> plantypeAnthem 0.00135 **
#> plantypeBlue 0.15805
#> plantypeCigna 0.42134
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.49280
#> plantypeCoventry 0.60875
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.71177
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.06137 .
#> plantypeHealth Net 0.42232
#> plantypeHumana 0.31959
#> plantypeKaiser 0.10850
#> plantypeMedica 0.56025
#> plantypeOther 0.00103 **
#> plantypeUnited 0.71112
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.745 on 532 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.06905, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0463
#> F-statistic: 3.035 on 13 and 532 DF, p-value: 0.0002444
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#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ plantype + state, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.89875 -0.37899 -0.01428 0.36462 1.71245
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 2.726345 0.361346 7.545 0.000000000000227
#> plantypeAnthem 0.576226 0.162344 3.549 0.000424
#> plantypeBlue 0.300898 0.124526 2.416 0.016047
#> plantypeCigna 0.004239 0.120048 0.035 0.971848
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.030699 0.128931 0.238 0.811904
#> plantypeCoventry -0.108388 0.165252 -0.656 0.512206
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.120923 0.249522 0.485 0.628168
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.422787 0.247745 1.707 0.088551
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.195688 0.374838 -0.522 0.601867
#> plantypeHumana -0.355179 0.156969 -2.263 0.024096
#> plantypeKaiser 0.767154 0.227752 3.368 0.000817
#> plantypeMedica -0.091439 0.265097 -0.345 0.730299
#> plantypeOther 0.298774 0.096189 3.106 0.002007
#> plantypeUnited -0.089517 0.099233 -0.902 0.367456
#> stateAlaska -0.376794 0.565652 -0.666 0.505651
#> stateArizona -0.048321 0.408329 -0.118 0.905850
#> stateArkansas 0.500000 0.502383 0.995 0.320110
#> stateCalifornia -0.598131 0.385466 -1.552 0.121387
#> stateColorado -0.536200 0.394529 -1.359 0.174752
#> stateConnecticut 0.334602 0.397177 0.842 0.399953
#> stateDelaware 0.290634 0.412120 0.705 0.481014
#> stateFlorida 0.368532 0.386599 0.953 0.340932
#> stateGeorgia 0.237459 0.396499 0.599 0.549526
#> stateHawaii 0.781205 0.457005 1.709 0.088019
#> stateIdaho -0.352560 0.409970 -0.860 0.390234
#> stateIllinois 0.377450 0.385130 0.980 0.327548
#> stateIndiana 0.142730 0.407588 0.350 0.726355
#> stateIowa 0.388061 0.391836 0.990 0.322491
#> stateKansas 0.270755 0.401144 0.675 0.500026
#> stateKentucky 0.043856 0.408528 0.107 0.914556
#> stateLouisiana 1.163668 0.412674 2.820 0.005003
#> stateMaine 0.738038 0.421107 1.753 0.080303
#> stateMaryland 0.041286 0.385543 0.107 0.914766
#> stateMassachusetts 0.264488 0.391081 0.676 0.499173
#> stateMichigan -0.002042 0.396304 -0.005 0.995891
#> stateMinnesota 0.289395 0.417442 0.693 0.488480
#> stateMississippi 1.130298 0.437265 2.585 0.010032
#> stateMissouri 0.401731 0.393724 1.020 0.308081
#> stateMontana 0.042720 0.451439 0.095 0.924648
#> stateNebraska 0.145307 0.410747 0.354 0.723671
#> stateNevada -0.983477 0.402802 -2.442 0.014981
#> stateNew Hampshire 0.855442 0.409329 2.090 0.037153
#> stateNew Jersey -0.208664 0.394545 -0.529 0.597137
#> stateNew Mexico -0.820639 0.418583 -1.961 0.050510
#> stateNew York 0.371506 0.385088 0.965 0.335164
#> stateNorth Carolina 0.292491 0.419259 0.698 0.485739
#> stateNorth Dakota 0.267541 0.510624 0.524 0.600554
#> stateOhio 0.262430 0.392337 0.669 0.503885
#> stateOklahoma 0.590793 0.470009 1.257 0.209367
#> stateOregon -0.555350 0.403897 -1.375 0.169775
#> statePennsylvania 0.554481 0.387768 1.430 0.153383
#> stateRhode Island 0.554361 0.418583 1.324 0.186004
#> stateSouth Carolina 0.552453 0.426802 1.294 0.196146
#> stateSouth Dakota 0.448721 0.447737 1.002 0.316751
#> stateTennessee 1.034853 0.402185 2.573 0.010377
#> stateTexas 0.374950 0.394070 0.951 0.341836
#> stateUtah -0.664268 0.426092 -1.559 0.119656
#> stateVermont 0.582023 0.420876 1.383 0.167339
#> stateVirginia -0.231929 0.388140 -0.598 0.550428
#> stateWashington -0.481704 0.393406 -1.224 0.221382
#> stateWest Virginia 0.174574 0.474163 0.368 0.712905
#> stateWisconsin 0.541348 0.386616 1.400 0.162090
#> stateWyoming -0.166667 0.502383 -0.332 0.740220
#>
#> (Intercept) ***
#> plantypeAnthem ***
#> plantypeBlue *
#> plantypeCigna
#> plantypeConnecticut General
#> plantypeCoventry
#> plantypeGroup Health
#> plantypeHealth Alliance .
#> plantypeHealth Net
#> plantypeHumana *
#> plantypeKaiser ***
#> plantypeMedica
#> plantypeOther **
#> plantypeUnited
#> stateAlaska
#> stateArizona
#> stateArkansas
#> stateCalifornia
#> stateColorado
#> stateConnecticut
#> stateDelaware
#> stateFlorida
#> stateGeorgia
#> stateHawaii .
#> stateIdaho
#> stateIllinois
#> stateIndiana
#> stateIowa
#> stateKansas
#> stateKentucky
#> stateLouisiana **
#> stateMaine .
#> stateMaryland
#> stateMassachusetts
#> stateMichigan
#> stateMinnesota
#> stateMississippi *
#> stateMissouri
#> stateMontana
#> stateNebraska
#> stateNevada *
#> stateNew Hampshire *
#> stateNew Jersey
#> stateNew Mexico .
#> stateNew York
#> stateNorth Carolina
#> stateNorth Dakota
#> stateOhio
#> stateOklahoma
#> stateOregon
#> statePennsylvania
#> stateRhode Island
#> stateSouth Carolina
#> stateSouth Dakota
#> stateTennessee *
#> stateTexas
#> stateUtah
#> stateVermont
#> stateVirginia
#> stateWashington
#> stateWest Virginia
#> stateWisconsin
#> stateWyoming
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6153 on 483 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.4235, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3495
#> F-statistic: 5.722 on 62 and 483 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 2.01634118 3.436348576
#> plantypeAnthem 0.25723705 0.895214196
#> plantypeBlue 0.05621751 0.545577952
#> plantypeCigna -0.23164154 0.240119058
#> plantypeConnecticut General -0.22263725 0.284034550
#> plantypeCoventry -0.43308966 0.216314450
#> plantypeGroup Health -0.36936059 0.611206195
#> plantypeHealth Alliance -0.06400468 0.909579425
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.93220269 0.540826173
#> plantypeHumana -0.66360583 -0.046752040
#> plantypeKaiser 0.31964723 1.214661549
#> plantypeMedica -0.61232546 0.429446834
#> plantypeOther 0.10977407 0.487774864
#> plantypeUnited -0.28449842 0.105463782
#> stateAlaska -1.48823638 0.734648891
#> stateArizona -0.85064184 0.754000675
#> stateArkansas -0.48712565 1.487125652
#> stateCalifornia -1.35552849 0.159267469
#> stateColorado -1.31140521 0.239004570
#> stateConnecticut -0.44580678 1.115010767
#> stateDelaware -0.51913458 1.100403182
#> stateFlorida -0.39109247 1.128156645
#> stateGeorgia -0.54161597 1.016534941
#> stateHawaii -0.11675815 1.679167487
#> stateIdaho -1.15810536 0.452984527
#> stateIllinois -0.37928792 1.134187840
#> stateIndiana -0.65813418 0.943594077
#> stateIowa -0.38185194 1.157973554
#> stateKansas -0.51744809 1.058957677
#> stateKentucky -0.75885513 0.846566142
#> stateLouisiana 0.35280946 1.974526300
#> stateMaine -0.08938967 1.565465513
#> stateMaryland -0.71626271 0.798833985
#> stateMassachusetts -0.50394162 1.032918303
#> stateMichigan -0.78073490 0.776651303
#> stateMinnesota -0.53083070 1.109620851
#> stateMississippi 0.27112110 1.989475300
#> stateMissouri -0.37189352 1.175354753
#> stateMontana -0.84430797 0.929747314
#> stateNebraska -0.66176523 0.952380118
#> stateNevada -1.77493669 -0.192017031
#> stateNew Hampshire 0.05115628 1.659728249
#> stateNew Jersey -0.98390099 0.566572899
#> stateNew Mexico -1.64310731 0.001830191
#> stateNew York -0.38514951 1.128160566
#> stateNorth Carolina -0.53130599 1.116288576
#> stateNorth Dakota -0.73577727 1.270859250
#> stateOhio -0.50846702 1.033327831
#> stateOklahoma -0.33272134 1.514307556
#> stateOregon -1.34896098 0.238261623
#> statePennsylvania -0.20743838 1.316400851
#> stateRhode Island -0.26810731 1.376830191
#> stateSouth Carolina -0.28616559 1.391072146
#> stateSouth Dakota -0.43103301 1.328474010
#> stateTennessee 0.24460456 1.825101014
#> stateTexas -0.39935353 1.149254401
#> stateUtah -1.50148960 0.172954518
#> stateVermont -0.24495068 1.408996856
#> stateVirginia -0.99458027 0.530723172
#> stateWashington -1.25470229 0.291295041
#> stateWest Virginia -0.75710240 1.106250934
#> stateWisconsin -0.21831013 1.301005304
#> stateWyoming -1.15379232 0.820458985#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_unemployed_2016 + pct_smoke_2016 +
#> opioid_od_death_rate_2016 + pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 + plantype,
#> data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -2.10162 -0.47812 -0.04237 0.45860 1.81609
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.959626 0.275165 10.756
#> pct_unemployed_2016 -0.024580 0.037869 -0.649
#> pct_smoke_2016 0.060188 0.009537 6.311
#> opioid_od_death_rate_2016 -0.008447 0.004581 -1.844
#> pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 -0.042067 0.007295 -5.766
#> plantypeAnthem 0.482561 0.173748 2.777
#> plantypeBlue 0.252874 0.135557 1.865
#> plantypeCigna 0.105741 0.132169 0.800
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.072719 0.142700 0.510
#> plantypeCoventry 0.034713 0.176662 0.196
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.081723 0.259890 0.314
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.311210 0.262036 1.188
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.198058 0.410020 -0.483
#> plantypeHumana -0.106282 0.167573 -0.634
#> plantypeKaiser 0.594143 0.247485 2.401
#> plantypeMedica 0.164787 0.240197 0.686
#> plantypeOther 0.315913 0.102427 3.084
#> plantypeUnited -0.049582 0.109572 -0.453
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) < 0.0000000000000002 ***
#> pct_unemployed_2016 0.51658
#> pct_smoke_2016 0.000000000587 ***
#> opioid_od_death_rate_2016 0.06572 .
#> pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 0.000000013801 ***
#> plantypeAnthem 0.00568 **
#> plantypeBlue 0.06267 .
#> plantypeCigna 0.42405
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.61055
#> plantypeCoventry 0.84430
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.75330
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.23550
#> plantypeHealth Net 0.62926
#> plantypeHumana 0.52620
#> plantypeKaiser 0.01671 *
#> plantypeMedica 0.49298
#> plantypeOther 0.00215 **
#> plantypeUnited 0.65109
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6915 on 528 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.2039, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1783
#> F-statistic: 7.955 on 17 and 528 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ doc_dens + pct_smoke_2016 + num_total_beds_2016 +
#> pop_density + firearm_death_rate_2016 + pct_disability_2016 +
#> pct_serious_mental_illness_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.87321 -0.51010 -0.04955 0.46087 2.22207
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value
#> (Intercept) 2.7090324 0.3386112 8.000
#> doc_dens 0.1827943 0.1191325 1.534
#> pct_smoke_2016 0.1130343 0.0204293 5.533
#> num_total_beds_2016 0.0731719 0.0718507 1.018
#> pop_density -0.0008495 0.0005218 -1.628
#> firearm_death_rate_2016 -0.0615550 0.0114212 -5.390
#> pct_disability_2016 0.0148926 0.0290380 0.513
#> pct_serious_mental_illness_2016 -0.2861052 0.0734911 -3.893
#> Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 0.00000000000000766 ***
#> doc_dens 0.125525
#> pct_smoke_2016 0.00000004923678490 ***
#> num_total_beds_2016 0.308951
#> pop_density 0.104123
#> firearm_death_rate_2016 0.00000010583755909 ***
#> pct_disability_2016 0.608256
#> pct_serious_mental_illness_2016 0.000111 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.7004 on 538 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.1679, Adjusted R-squared: 0.157
#> F-statistic: 15.5 on 7 and 538 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#> Subset selection object
#> Call: regsubsets.formula(consumersat ~ pct_unemployed_2016 + pct_smoke_2016 +
#> opioid_od_death_rate_2016 + pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 + plantype +
#> num_total_beds_2016 + pop_density + firearm_death_rate_2016 +
#> pct_disability_2016 + pct_serious_mental_illness_2016 + num_for_profit_beds_2016 +
#> no_pcp_per_pop + quality_value_2016 + no_insur_provid_2016 +
#> hosp_rate_total_2016 + flu_pna_death_2016 + cvs_death_rate_2016 +
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 + avg_monthly_SNAP_2016 + expend_per_cap_2016 +
#> forclosure_rate_2016 + pct_unemployed_2016 + pct_hispanic_2016 +
#> pct_black_2016 + pct_female_2016 + rx_opioid_deaths_16 +
#> pct_no_place_care_2014, data = ncqa_kff, nbest = 5)
#> 38 Variables (and intercept)
#> Forced in Forced out
#> pct_unemployed_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_smoke_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> opioid_od_death_rate_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeAnthem FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeBlue FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeCigna FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeConnecticut General FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeCoventry FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeGroup Health FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeHealth Alliance FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeHealth Net FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeHumana FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeKaiser FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeMedica FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeOther FALSE FALSE
#> plantypeUnited FALSE FALSE
#> num_total_beds_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pop_density FALSE FALSE
#> firearm_death_rate_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_disability_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_serious_mental_illness_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> no_pcp_per_pop FALSE FALSE
#> quality_value_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> no_insur_provid_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> hosp_rate_total_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> flu_pna_death_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> cvs_death_rate_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> avg_monthly_SNAP_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> expend_per_cap_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> forclosure_rate_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_hispanic_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_black_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_female_2016 FALSE FALSE
#> rx_opioid_deaths_16 FALSE FALSE
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 FALSE FALSE
#> 5 subsets of each size up to 8
#> Selection Algorithm: exhaustive
#> pct_unemployed_2016 pct_smoke_2016 opioid_od_death_rate_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " "*" " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " "*" " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " "*" " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 plantypeAnthem plantypeBlue plantypeCigna
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " "*" " " " "
#> plantypeConnecticut General plantypeCoventry plantypeGroup Health
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> plantypeHealth Alliance plantypeHealth Net plantypeHumana
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> plantypeKaiser plantypeMedica plantypeOther plantypeUnited
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) "*" " " "*" " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) "*" " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) "*" " " "*" " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) "*" " " "*" " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) "*" " " "*" " "
#> num_total_beds_2016 pop_density firearm_death_rate_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) "*" " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> pct_disability_2016 pct_serious_mental_illness_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) "*" "*"
#> 4 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) "*" " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) "*" " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) "*" " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) "*" "*"
#> 5 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) "*" " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) "*" " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) "*" " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) "*" " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) "*" " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) "*" " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) "*" " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) "*" " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) "*" " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) "*" " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) "*" "*"
#> 7 ( 5 ) "*" " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) "*" " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) "*" " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) "*" " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) "*" " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) "*" " "
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 no_pcp_per_pop quality_value_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " "*"
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " "*"
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> no_insur_provid_2016 hosp_rate_total_2016 flu_pna_death_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> cvs_death_rate_2016 pct_any_mental_illness_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 2 ) "*" "*"
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> avg_monthly_SNAP_2016 expend_per_cap_2016 forclosure_rate_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) "*" " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " "*" " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " "*" " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " "*" " "
#> pct_hispanic_2016 pct_black_2016 pct_female_2016
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 5 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 6 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 4 ) "*" " " " "
#> 7 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 1 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 2 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 3 ) "*" " " " "
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " " " " "
#> 8 ( 5 ) "*" " " " "
#> rx_opioid_deaths_16 pct_no_place_care_2014
#> 1 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 1 ( 2 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 1 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 2 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 2 ( 3 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 4 ) " " " "
#> 2 ( 5 ) " " " "
#> 3 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 3 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 4 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 5 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 6 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 7 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 1 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 2 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 3 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 4 ) " " "*"
#> 8 ( 5 ) " " "*"
#> Warning in seq.default(0, 0.9, length = 10): partial argument match of
#> 'length' to 'length.out'
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 + pct_unemployed_2016 +
#> pct_smoke_2016 + pct_no_place_care_2014 + no_total_md_pop +
#> pct_citizen_2016 + flu_pna_death_2016 + insur_spend_per_cap_2014 +
#> flu_pna_death_2016 + pct_unemployed_2016 + pct_any_mental_illness_2016 +
#> rx_opioid_deaths_16 + pct_pop_age19.25_2016 + cancer_death_rate_2016 +
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.68280 -0.42782 0.03097 0.49450 1.67499
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) -6.34993935 2.53349102 -2.506 0.012520 *
#> pct_not_hav_pcp_2016 0.00617329 0.01715673 0.360 0.719139
#> pct_unemployed_2016 -0.06924934 0.04377014 -1.582 0.114270
#> pct_smoke_2016 -0.02469789 0.02433348 -1.015 0.310619
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.02497731 0.01139189 -2.193 0.028810 *
#> no_total_md_pop 0.06717541 0.09599385 0.700 0.484392
#> pct_citizen_2016 0.07510666 0.02068777 3.630 0.000313 ***
#> flu_pna_death_2016 -0.04471348 0.01565608 -2.856 0.004473 **
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 0.00025406 0.00008211 3.094 0.002086 **
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 -0.08673691 0.02039004 -4.254 0.0000252 ***
#> rx_opioid_deaths_16 0.00008144 0.00005293 1.539 0.124541
#> pct_pop_age19.25_2016 0.06590032 0.05222469 1.262 0.207600
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 0.02057474 0.00600350 3.427 0.000661 ***
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 0.46943588 0.14147950 3.318 0.000974 ***
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6288 on 489 degrees of freedom
#> (43 observations deleted due to missingness)
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.2853, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2663
#> F-statistic: 15.02 on 13 and 489 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_no_place_care_2014 + pct_smoke_2016 +
#> cancer_death_rate_2016, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.77559 -0.49594 0.00406 0.43655 2.01309
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 2.087625 0.485974 4.296 0.0000206
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.050849 0.005992 -8.486 < 0.0000000000000002
#> pct_smoke_2016 0.027424 0.016770 1.635 0.1026
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 0.008147 0.004283 1.902 0.0577
#>
#> (Intercept) ***
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 ***
#> pct_smoke_2016
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 .
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.692 on 542 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.1818, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1773
#> F-statistic: 40.14 on 3 and 542 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = consumersat ~ pct_no_place_care_2014 + pct_any_mental_illness_2016 +
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 + pct_hispanic_2016 + num_for_profit_beds_2016 +
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 + plantype, data = ncqa_kff)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -1.89927 -0.40999 -0.00128 0.41013 1.76055
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) 2.74934486 0.75918661 3.621 0.000321
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.02315449 0.00882891 -2.623 0.008980
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 -0.10159890 0.01962698 -5.176 0.000000322
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 0.00028005 0.00007649 3.661 0.000276
#> pct_hispanic_2016 -2.22188125 0.50120593 -4.433 0.000011314
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 0.48687805 0.12093839 4.026 0.000065122
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 0.00763206 0.00312911 2.439 0.015055
#> plantypeAnthem 0.55010461 0.16260137 3.383 0.000770
#> plantypeBlue 0.23679932 0.12707324 1.863 0.062951
#> plantypeCigna 0.07786143 0.12408097 0.628 0.530601
#> plantypeConnecticut General 0.07871039 0.13381782 0.588 0.556657
#> plantypeCoventry -0.07202620 0.16644138 -0.433 0.665379
#> plantypeGroup Health 0.19257400 0.24580189 0.783 0.433714
#> plantypeHealth Alliance 0.38644565 0.24560072 1.573 0.116211
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.03528610 0.38468346 -0.092 0.926949
#> plantypeHumana -0.21457987 0.15819297 -1.356 0.175540
#> plantypeKaiser 0.72501269 0.23254315 3.118 0.001922
#> plantypeMedica -0.04709316 0.22608039 -0.208 0.835073
#> plantypeOther 0.30722124 0.09613232 3.196 0.001478
#> plantypeUnited -0.04363362 0.10266198 -0.425 0.670994
#>
#> (Intercept) ***
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 **
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 ***
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 ***
#> pct_hispanic_2016 ***
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 ***
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 *
#> plantypeAnthem ***
#> plantypeBlue .
#> plantypeCigna
#> plantypeConnecticut General
#> plantypeCoventry
#> plantypeGroup Health
#> plantypeHealth Alliance
#> plantypeHealth Net
#> plantypeHumana
#> plantypeKaiser **
#> plantypeMedica
#> plantypeOther **
#> plantypeUnited
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 0.6483 on 526 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.303, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2778
#> F-statistic: 12.03 on 19 and 526 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
#> 2.5 % 97.5 %
#> (Intercept) 1.2579347486 4.2407549740
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 -0.0404987414 -0.0058102331
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 -0.1401557963 -0.0630420075
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 0.0001297957 0.0004303091
#> pct_hispanic_2016 -3.2064923874 -1.2372701188
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 0.2492964827 0.7244596184
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 0.0014849822 0.0137791405
#> plantypeAnthem 0.2306767744 0.8695324456
#> plantypeBlue -0.0128340637 0.4864327039
#> plantypeCigna -0.1658936705 0.3216165309
#> plantypeConnecticut General -0.1841726100 0.3415933879
#> plantypeCoventry -0.3989976629 0.2549452681
#> plantypeGroup Health -0.2902999394 0.6754479299
#> plantypeHealth Alliance -0.0960330901 0.8689243812
#> plantypeHealth Net -0.7909906931 0.7204185009
#> plantypeHumana -0.5253474607 0.0961877285
#> plantypeKaiser 0.2681853411 1.1818400390
#> plantypeMedica -0.4912245183 0.3970382039
#> plantypeOther 0.1183708209 0.4960716644
#> plantypeUnited -0.2453114519 0.1580442170
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#> # A tibble: 546 x 15
#> consumersat pct_no_place_ca… pct_any_mental_… insur_spend_per…
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
#> 1 2.5 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 2 2.5 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 3 3 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 4 3 22.9 18.9 5958
#> 5 2 22.9 18.9 5958
#> 6 3.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 7 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 8 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 9 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 10 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> # … with 536 more rows, and 11 more variables: pct_hispanic_2016 <dbl>,
#> # num_for_profit_beds_2016 <dbl>, cancer_death_rate_2016 <dbl>,
#> # plantype <chr>, .fitted <dbl>, .se.fit <dbl>, .resid <dbl>,
#> # .hat <dbl>, .sigma <dbl>, .cooksd <dbl>, .std.resid <dbl>
#> [1] 546 107
#> # A tibble: 546 x 15
#> consumersat pct_no_place_ca… pct_any_mental_… insur_spend_per…
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
#> 1 2.5 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 2 2.5 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 3 3 12.2 18.1 3641
#> 4 3 22.9 18.9 5958
#> 5 2 22.9 18.9 5958
#> 6 3.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 7 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 8 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 9 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> 10 2.5 23.1 17 4035
#> # … with 536 more rows, and 11 more variables: pct_hispanic_2016 <dbl>,
#> # num_for_profit_beds_2016 <dbl>, cancer_death_rate_2016 <dbl>,
#> # plantype <chr>, .fitted <dbl>, .se.fit <dbl>, .resid <dbl>,
#> # .hat <dbl>, .sigma <dbl>, .cooksd <dbl>, .std.resid <dbl>
#> # A tibble: 546 x 3
#> .fitted .resid pct_no_place_care_2014
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 3.28 -0.781 12.2
#> 2 3.28 -0.781 12.2
#> 3 3.32 -0.325 12.2
#> 4 3.45 -0.455 22.9
#> 5 3.22 -1.22 22.9
#> 6 2.11 1.39 23.1
#> 7 2.23 0.273 23.1
#> 8 2.11 0.394 23.1
#> 9 2.11 0.394 23.1
#> 10 2.23 0.273 23.1
#> # … with 536 more rows| x.plan | x.state | y..fitted | y..resid | y.pct_no_place_care_2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Alabama) | Alabama | 3.281251 | -0.7812509 | 12.2 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Alabama) | Alabama | 3.281251 | -0.7812509 | 12.2 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Alabama) | Alabama | 3.324885 | -0.3248845 | 12.2 |
| Premera Blue Cross Blue Shield of Alaska | Alaska | 3.454667 | -0.4546672 | 22.9 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Alaska) | Alaska | 3.217868 | -1.2178679 | 22.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare of Arizona, Inc. Special Area: Arizona | Arizona | 2.105738 | 1.3942618 | 23.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Arizona | Arizona | 2.227233 | 0.2727668 | 23.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Arizona) | Arizona | 2.105738 | 0.3942618 | 23.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Arizona) | Arizona | 2.105738 | 0.3942618 | 23.1 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Arizona, Inc. | Arizona | 2.227233 | 0.2727668 | 23.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Arizona | Arizona | 2.228082 | 0.2719178 | 23.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Arizona | Arizona | 2.149372 | 0.3506282 | 23.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Arizona) | Arizona | 2.149372 | 0.8506282 | 23.1 |
| Health Net of Arizona, Inc. | Arizona | 2.114086 | 0.3859143 | 23.1 |
| Humana Health Plan, Inc. (Arizona) | Arizona | 1.934792 | 0.0652081 | 23.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Arkansas) | Arkansas | 2.822084 | 0.1779155 | 17.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Arkansas) | Arkansas | 2.865718 | 0.6342819 | 17.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Arkansas) | Arkansas | 2.822084 | 0.1779155 | 17.1 |
| Anthem Blue Cross Life and Health Insurance Company | California | 2.826745 | 0.1732550 | 18.9 |
| Blue Shield of California | California | 2.513440 | -0.0134398 | 18.9 |
| Cigna HealthCare of California, Inc. | California | 2.354502 | 0.1454981 | 18.9 |
| Blue Cross of California dba Anthem Blue Cross | California | 2.826745 | 0.1732550 | 18.9 |
| Blue Cross of California dba Anthem Blue Cross | California | 2.826745 | 0.1732550 | 18.9 |
| Blue Shield of California | California | 2.513440 | -1.0134398 | 18.9 |
| Blue Shield of California Life & Health Insurance Company | California | 2.513440 | -1.0134398 | 18.9 |
| Health Net of California, Inc. | California | 2.241354 | -0.2413543 | 18.9 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (California) | California | 2.276640 | 0.2233596 | 18.9 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - California | California | 2.355351 | -0.3553508 | 18.9 |
| United HealthCare Services, Inc. (California) | California | 2.233007 | -0.2330068 | 18.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (California) | California | 2.233007 | -0.2330068 | 18.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare of California (formerly PacifiCare of California) | California | 2.233007 | -0.2330068 | 18.9 |
| Valley Health Plan | California | 2.583862 | -1.0838617 | 18.9 |
| Chinese Community Health Plan | California | 2.583862 | -1.5838617 | 18.9 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - California | California | 2.354502 | -0.3545019 | 18.9 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan Inc. - Southern California | California | 3.001653 | -0.0016531 | 18.9 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. - Northern California | California | 3.001653 | 0.4983469 | 18.9 |
| Sharp Health Plan | California | 2.583862 | 0.9161383 | 18.9 |
| Western Health Advantage | California | 2.583862 | 0.9161383 | 18.9 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Colorado | Colorado | 3.153881 | -0.6538809 | 20.0 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Colorado | Colorado | 2.507579 | -0.0075786 | 20.0 |
| Denver Health Medical Plan, Inc. | Colorado | 2.736089 | -1.2360894 | 20.0 |
| HMO Colorado, Inc. | Colorado | 2.736089 | -0.2360894 | 20.0 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Colorado | Colorado | 2.506730 | -0.0067296 | 20.0 |
| Rocky Mountain Health Maintenance Organization, Inc. | Colorado | 2.736089 | -0.7360894 | 20.0 |
| Rocky Mountain Health Maintenance Organization, Inc. | Colorado | 2.736089 | -0.2360894 | 20.0 |
| Rocky Mountain Hospital & Medical Services, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield (Colorado) Special Project: Federal Employee Program | Colorado | 2.978973 | 0.5210272 | 20.0 |
| Rocky Mountain Healthcare Options, Inc. | Colorado | 2.736089 | -0.2360894 | 20.0 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Colorado) | Colorado | 2.385235 | 0.1147654 | 20.0 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Colorado) | Colorado | 2.385235 | 0.1147654 | 20.0 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Colorado | Colorado | 2.428868 | -0.4288682 | 20.0 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Colorado) | Colorado | 2.428868 | 0.0711318 | 20.0 |
| Humana Health Plan, Inc (Colorado) | Colorado | 2.214288 | -0.7142883 | 20.0 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Connecticut | Connecticut | 2.998911 | 0.5010890 | 10.1 |
| Anthem Health Plans, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield - Connecticut Special Project: Federal Employee Program | Connecticut | 3.470305 | 0.5296948 | 10.1 |
| Anthem Health Plans, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield - Connecticut | Connecticut | 3.470305 | 1.0296948 | 10.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Connecticut) | Connecticut | 2.920201 | -0.4202006 | 10.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Connecticut | Connecticut | 2.998062 | 0.5019380 | 10.1 |
| ConnectiCare Insurance Company, Inc. (CICI) | Connecticut | 3.227422 | -0.2274218 | 10.1 |
| ConnectiCare, Inc. | Connecticut | 3.227422 | -0.2274218 | 10.1 |
| Oxford Health Insurance Company, Inc. - Connecticut | Connecticut | 3.227422 | 0.2725782 | 10.1 |
| Oxford Health Plans (CT), Inc. | Connecticut | 3.227422 | 0.2725782 | 10.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Connecticut) | Connecticut | 2.920201 | -0.4202006 | 10.1 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Connecticut, Inc. | Connecticut | 2.998062 | 0.5019380 | 10.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Connecticut) | Connecticut | 2.876567 | -0.3765670 | 10.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company- Connecticut | Connecticut | 2.876567 | -0.3765670 | 10.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Delaware | Delaware | 3.239314 | 0.2606856 | 6.8 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Delaware | Delaware | 3.318025 | -0.3180248 | 6.8 |
| Optimum Choice, Inc. | Delaware | 3.546536 | -1.5465357 | 6.8 |
| Highmark BCBSD Inc. | Delaware | 3.476114 | 0.0238862 | 6.8 |
| Coventry Health Care of Delaware, Inc. | Delaware | 3.167288 | -0.1672882 | 6.8 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Delaware) | Delaware | 3.195681 | -0.1956808 | 6.8 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Delaware) | Delaware | 3.195681 | -0.1956808 | 6.8 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Delaware) | Delaware | 3.239314 | 0.2606856 | 6.8 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Delaware | Delaware | 3.317176 | -0.3171759 | 6.8 |
| Capital Health Plan, Inc. | Florida | 3.172143 | 1.3278567 | 21.5 |
| Florida Health Care Plan, Inc. | Florida | 3.172143 | 0.8278567 | 21.5 |
| Health First Commercial Plans, Inc. | Florida | 3.172143 | 0.3278567 | 21.5 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Florida) | Florida | 2.864922 | 0.6350780 | 21.5 |
| AvMed, Inc. d/b/a AvMed Health Plans | Florida | 3.172143 | 0.3278567 | 21.5 |
| Blue Cross And Blue Shield of Florida, Inc. | Florida | 3.101721 | 1.3982786 | 21.5 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Florida | Florida | 2.942783 | 0.0572165 | 21.5 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Florida, Inc. | Florida | 2.942783 | 0.0572165 | 21.5 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Florida | Florida | 2.943632 | 0.0563676 | 21.5 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Florida) | Florida | 2.821288 | 0.6787116 | 21.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Florida) | Florida | 2.821288 | 0.6787116 | 21.5 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Florida) | Florida | 2.864922 | -0.3649220 | 21.5 |
| Aetna Health Inc. dba Coventry Health Plan of Florida, Inc. (CoventryOne) | Florida | 2.792896 | -1.2928958 | 21.5 |
| Coventry Health Care of Florida, Inc. | Florida | 2.792896 | 0.2071042 | 21.5 |
| Health Options Inc. | Florida | 3.172143 | -0.1721433 | 21.5 |
| Humana Medical Plan, Inc. - Florida | Florida | 2.650342 | -1.1503422 | 21.5 |
| Neighborhood Health Partnership, Inc. | Florida | 3.172143 | -0.1721433 | 21.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare of Florida, Inc. | Florida | 2.821288 | 0.1787116 | 21.5 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Georgia, Inc. | Georgia | 3.704411 | -0.2044109 | 17.4 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Georgia) | Georgia | 2.979398 | 1.0206018 | 17.4 |
| Blue Cross Blue Shield Healthcare Plan of Georgia, Inc. | Georgia | 3.216197 | -0.2161975 | 17.4 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Georgia | Georgia | 3.057260 | -0.0572596 | 17.4 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Georgia | Georgia | 3.058109 | -0.0581086 | 17.4 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Georgia) | Georgia | 2.935765 | 0.0642354 | 17.4 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Georgia) | Georgia | 2.935765 | 0.0642354 | 17.4 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Georgia) dba Coventry Health Care of Georgia Inc. | Georgia | 2.907372 | -0.9073720 | 17.4 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Georgia) | Georgia | 2.979398 | 0.0206018 | 17.4 |
| Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia, Inc. | Georgia | 3.216197 | 0.2838025 | 17.4 |
| Humana Employers Health Plan of Georgia, Inc. | Georgia | 2.764818 | -0.2648183 | 17.4 |
| Alliant Health Plans, Inc. | Georgia | 3.286619 | 0.2133806 | 17.4 |
| UnitedHealthCare of Georgia, Inc. | Georgia | 2.935765 | -0.4357646 | 17.4 |
| Hawaii Medical Service Association (Federal Plan 87) | Hawaii | 3.273957 | 1.7260431 | 10.0 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. - Hawaii | Hawaii | 3.691748 | -0.6917483 | 10.0 |
| Hawaii Medical Service Association (HMSA) | Hawaii | 3.273957 | 1.7260431 | 10.0 |
| Hawaii Medical Service Association (HMSA) | Hawaii | 3.273957 | 0.2260431 | 10.0 |
| Hawaii Medical Service Association (HMSA) Special Project: Hawaii | Hawaii | 3.273957 | -0.2739569 | 10.0 |
| Group Health Options, Inc. | Idaho | 2.247004 | -0.2470039 | 26.6 |
| Group Health Options, Inc. | Idaho | 2.247004 | -0.2470039 | 26.6 |
| Aetna Health of Utah Inc. dba Altius Health Plans Inc. | Idaho | 2.054430 | -0.5544299 | 26.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Idaho) | Idaho | 2.054430 | 0.9455701 | 26.6 |
| Blue Cross of Idaho Health Services, Inc. | Idaho | 2.291229 | 1.2087708 | 26.6 |
| SelectHealth Inc. (ID) | Idaho | 2.361651 | 0.6383488 | 26.6 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Idaho) | Idaho | 2.010796 | 0.4892037 | 26.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Idaho) | Idaho | 2.010796 | 0.4892037 | 26.6 |
| PacificSource Health Plans - Idaho | Idaho | 2.361651 | 0.1383488 | 26.6 |
| Regence BlueShield of Idaho | Idaho | 2.291229 | 0.2087708 | 26.6 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Illinois, a Division of Health Care Service Corporation | Illinois | 3.352804 | -0.3528038 | 16.9 |
| Health Alliance Medical Plans | Illinois | 3.502450 | -0.0024501 | 16.9 |
| Medical Associates Health Plan, Inc. Special Project: Accreditation | Illinois | 3.423226 | 0.5767743 | 16.9 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Illinois) | Illinois | 3.116004 | 0.8839956 | 16.9 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Illinois | Illinois | 3.193866 | -0.1938659 | 16.9 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Illinois | Illinois | 3.194715 | -0.1947148 | 16.9 |
| Coventry Health Care of Illinois, Inc. | Illinois | 3.043978 | 0.9560217 | 16.9 |
| Health Alliance Medical Plans | Illinois | 3.502450 | -0.5024501 | 16.9 |
| Health Alliance Midwest, Inc. | Illinois | 3.502450 | -0.5024501 | 16.9 |
| Humana Insurance Company (Illinois) | Illinois | 2.901425 | 0.0985754 | 16.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Plan of the River Valley, Inc. | Illinois | 3.072371 | 0.4276292 | 16.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services Company of the River Valley, Inc. | Illinois | 3.072371 | 0.4276292 | 16.9 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Illinois | Illinois | 3.116004 | -1.1160044 | 16.9 |
| Coventry Health and Life Insurance Company (Illinois) | Illinois | 3.043978 | -0.0439783 | 16.9 |
| Coventry Health Care of Illinois, Inc. | Illinois | 3.043978 | -0.0439783 | 16.9 |
| Humana Health Plan, Inc. (Illinois) | Illinois | 2.901425 | -0.4014246 | 16.9 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Illinois) | Illinois | 3.072371 | -0.0723708 | 16.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Illinois) | Illinois | 3.072371 | -0.0723708 | 16.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company of Illinois | Illinois | 3.072371 | -0.0723708 | 16.9 |
| Cigna HealthCare of St. Louis, Inc. | Illinois | 3.193866 | -0.6938659 | 16.9 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Illinois, a Division of Health Care Service Corporation | Indiana | 3.182302 | -0.1823019 | 14.8 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Indiana) | Indiana | 2.945503 | 1.0544974 | 14.8 |
| Anthem Insurance Companies, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Indiana | Indiana | 3.495607 | -0.4956072 | 14.8 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Illinois | Indiana | 2.945503 | -0.9455026 | 14.8 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Ohio | Indiana | 2.945503 | -0.4455026 | 14.8 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Indiana) | Indiana | 2.901869 | 0.0981310 | 14.8 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Indiana) | Indiana | 2.901869 | 0.0981310 | 14.8 |
| Anthem Insurance Companies, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Indiana | Indiana | 3.495607 | -0.9956072 | 14.8 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Indiana | Indiana | 3.023364 | 0.4766360 | 14.8 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Indiana | Indiana | 3.024213 | 0.4757870 | 14.8 |
| Gundersen Health Plan, Inc. | Iowa | 3.229414 | -0.2294138 | 12.4 |
| HealthPartners Administrators Inc. | Iowa | 3.229414 | 0.7705862 | 12.4 |
| Wellmark Health Plan of Iowa, Inc. | Iowa | 3.229414 | 0.2705862 | 12.4 |
| Health Alliance Midwest, Inc. | Iowa | 3.308638 | 0.1913618 | 12.4 |
| Medical Associates Health Plan, Inc. Special Project: Accreditation | Iowa | 3.229414 | 0.7705862 | 12.4 |
| Sanford Health Plan | Iowa | 3.229414 | -0.2294138 | 12.4 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Iowa) | Iowa | 2.878559 | 0.1214411 | 12.4 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Iowa) | Iowa | 2.878559 | 0.1214411 | 12.4 |
| UnitedHealthcare Plan of the River Valley, Inc. | Iowa | 2.878559 | 0.6214411 | 12.4 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services Company of the River Valley, Inc. | Iowa | 2.878559 | 0.6214411 | 12.4 |
| Aetna Health of Iowa Inc. dba Coventry Health Care of Iowa | Iowa | 2.850166 | -0.8501663 | 12.4 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Iowa) | Iowa | 2.922192 | 0.0778075 | 12.4 |
| Avera Health Plans, Inc. | Iowa | 3.229414 | 0.2705862 | 12.4 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Iowa | Iowa | 3.000054 | -0.0000540 | 12.4 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Iowa | Iowa | 3.000903 | -0.0009029 | 12.4 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City, Good Health HMO, Inc. | Kansas | 3.366219 | 0.6337807 | 16.1 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City | Kansas | 3.366219 | -0.3662193 | 16.1 |
| Coventry Health Care of Kansas, Inc. Special Area: Kansas | Kansas | 3.057394 | 0.4426062 | 16.1 |
| Humana Health Plan Inc. - Kansas City | Kansas | 2.914840 | 1.0851599 | 16.1 |
| Humana Insurance Company (KS, MO) | Kansas | 2.914840 | -0.9148401 | 16.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Kansas) | Kansas | 3.085786 | -0.0857863 | 16.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Kansas) | Kansas | 3.085786 | -0.0857863 | 16.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Kansas) | Kansas | 3.129420 | -0.1294200 | 16.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Kansas | Kansas | 3.207281 | -0.7072814 | 16.1 |
| Cigna HealthCare of St. Louis, Inc. | Kansas | 3.207281 | -0.7072814 | 16.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Kansas | Kansas | 3.208130 | -0.7081304 | 16.1 |
| Coventry Health and Life Insurance Company (Kansas) | Kansas | 3.057394 | -0.5573938 | 16.1 |
| Humana Health Plan, Inc - Kentucky | Kentucky | 2.648158 | -0.1481583 | 23.3 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Ohio | Kentucky | 2.862738 | -0.3627382 | 23.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Kentucky) | Kentucky | 2.862738 | 0.1372618 | 23.3 |
| Anthem Health Plans Kentucky, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Kentucky | Kentucky | 3.412843 | -0.4128428 | 23.3 |
| Humana Health Plan, Inc - Kentucky | Kentucky | 2.648158 | -0.1481583 | 23.3 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Kentucky) | Kentucky | 2.819104 | -0.3191045 | 23.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Kentucky) | Kentucky | 2.819104 | -0.3191045 | 23.3 |
| Anthem Health Plans Kentucky, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Kentucky | Kentucky | 3.412843 | 0.0871572 | 23.3 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Kentucky | Kentucky | 2.940600 | 0.0594004 | 23.3 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Kentucky | Kentucky | 2.941448 | 0.0585515 | 23.3 |
| Vantage Health Plan, Inc. | Louisiana | 3.638206 | 0.8617937 | 17.0 |
| Humana Health Benefit Plan of Louisiana, Inc. | Louisiana | 3.116405 | 0.3835948 | 17.0 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Louisiana) dba Coventry Health Care of Louisiana | Louisiana | 3.258959 | 0.2410411 | 17.0 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Louisiana) | Louisiana | 3.287351 | 0.7126486 | 17.0 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Louisiana) | Louisiana | 3.287351 | 0.7126486 | 17.0 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Louisiana) | Louisiana | 3.330985 | 1.1690149 | 17.0 |
| CHRISTUS Health Plan | Louisiana | 3.638206 | 0.3617937 | 17.0 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Louisiana | Louisiana | 3.408847 | 0.0911535 | 17.0 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Louisiana | Louisiana | 3.409695 | 0.0903046 | 17.0 |
| Martin’s Point US Family Health Plan (ME) | Maine | 3.694767 | 1.3052331 | 12.6 |
| Anthem Health Plans of Maine, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Maine | Maine | 3.937650 | 0.0623497 | 12.6 |
| Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Inc. | Maine | 3.694767 | -0.6947669 | 12.6 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Maine | Maine | 3.465407 | 0.0345929 | 12.6 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Maine | Maine | 3.466256 | 0.0337439 | 12.6 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Maine) | Maine | 3.387546 | -0.3875457 | 12.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Maine) | Maine | 3.387546 | -0.3875457 | 12.6 |
| Anthem Health Plans of Maine, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Maine Special Project: Federal Employee Program | Maine | 3.937650 | 0.5623497 | 12.6 |
| Johns Hopkins US Family Health Plan | Maryland | 3.238887 | 1.2611133 | 14.6 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid-Atlantic States, Inc. | Maryland | 3.656678 | 0.3433218 | 14.6 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Maryland | Maryland | 3.009527 | 0.4904731 | 14.6 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Maryland | Maryland | 3.010376 | 0.4896241 | 14.6 |
| Johns Hopkins Employer Health Programs | Maryland | 3.238887 | -1.2388867 | 14.6 |
| MD - Individual Practice Association, Inc. | Maryland | 3.238887 | 0.2611133 | 14.6 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Maryland | Maryland | 2.931665 | -0.9316655 | 14.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (MD/DC) | Maryland | 2.931665 | 0.0683345 | 14.6 |
| CareFirst BlueChoice | Maryland | 3.168465 | -0.6684648 | 14.6 |
| CareFirst of Maryland, Inc. | Maryland | 3.238887 | -0.7388867 | 14.6 |
| CareFirst of Maryland, Inc. | Maryland | 3.238887 | -0.2388867 | 14.6 |
| Coventry Health Care of Delaware, Inc. | Maryland | 2.859639 | 0.1403607 | 14.6 |
| Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc. (GHMSI) | Maryland | 3.238887 | -0.2388867 | 14.6 |
| Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc. (GHMSI) | Maryland | 3.238887 | -0.7388867 | 14.6 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Maryland) | Maryland | 2.888032 | 0.6119681 | 14.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Maryland) | Maryland | 2.888032 | 0.6119681 | 14.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. | Maryland | 2.888032 | -0.8880319 | 14.6 |
| Mamsi Life and Health Insurance Company Special Project: MD Commercial | Maryland | 3.238887 | -0.7388867 | 14.6 |
| Optimum Choice, Inc. | Maryland | 3.238887 | -1.2388867 | 14.6 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts HMO Blue, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.441405 | 0.0585946 | 7.5 |
| Tufts Associated Health Maintenance Organization, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.0118274 | 7.5 |
| Tufts Benefit Administrators, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | 0.4881726 | 7.5 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.441405 | 0.5585946 | 7.5 |
| Fallon Community Health Plan | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | 0.9881726 | 7.5 |
| Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.5118274 | 7.5 |
| Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.0118274 | 7.5 |
| Harvard Pilgrim Insurance Company, Inc. (MA) | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.0118274 | 7.5 |
| Health New England, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.0118274 | 7.5 |
| Neighborhood Health Plan, Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.5118274 | 7.5 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Massachusetts | Massachusetts | 3.282468 | -1.2824675 | 7.5 |
| ConnectiCare of Massachusetts Inc. | Massachusetts | 3.511827 | -0.5118274 | 7.5 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Massachusetts | Massachusetts | 3.283317 | -1.2833165 | 7.5 |
| United HealthCare Services, Inc. (Massachusetts) | Massachusetts | 3.160973 | -0.6609725 | 7.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Massachusetts) | Massachusetts | 3.160973 | -0.6609725 | 7.5 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Massachusetts) | Massachusetts | 3.204606 | -0.2046061 | 7.5 |
| Grand Valley Health Plan, Inc | Michigan | 3.399267 | 0.6007328 | 14.3 |
| Blue Care Network of Michigan | Michigan | 3.328845 | -0.8288452 | 14.3 |
| Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan | Michigan | 3.328845 | 0.1711548 | 14.3 |
| Health Alliance Plan of Michigan | Michigan | 3.478492 | 0.0215084 | 14.3 |
| Health Alliance Plan of Michigan (HealthPlus) | Michigan | 3.478492 | 0.5215084 | 14.3 |
| Priority Health | Michigan | 3.399267 | 0.6007328 | 14.3 |
| Alliance Health and Life | Michigan | 3.399267 | -0.8992672 | 14.3 |
| Physicians Health Plan | Michigan | 3.399267 | -0.3992672 | 14.3 |
| Priority Health Insurance Company | Michigan | 3.399267 | -0.8992672 | 14.3 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Michigan) | Michigan | 3.048412 | -0.0484123 | 14.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Michigan) | Michigan | 3.048412 | -0.0484123 | 14.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Michigan) | Michigan | 3.092046 | -0.5920459 | 14.3 |
| McLaren Health Plan Community | Michigan | 3.399267 | -1.3992672 | 14.3 |
| Total Health Care USA, Inc. | Michigan | 3.399267 | -1.8992672 | 14.3 |
| Group Health Plan, Inc. | Minnesota | 3.082082 | 0.9179179 | 14.3 |
| HealthPartners Administrators Inc. | Minnesota | 3.196729 | 0.8032707 | 14.3 |
| HealthPartners, Inc. | Minnesota | 3.196729 | 0.8032707 | 14.3 |
| BCBSM, Inc. (dba Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota) | Minnesota | 3.126307 | 0.3736926 | 14.3 |
| Medica Health Plans (MHP) | Minnesota | 2.842415 | 0.1575851 | 14.3 |
| Medica Insurance Company (MIC) | Minnesota | 2.842415 | 0.1575851 | 14.3 |
| Medica Self-Insured (MSI) | Minnesota | 2.842415 | 0.1575851 | 14.3 |
| PreferredOne Community Health Plan Special Project: MN Commercial | Minnesota | 3.196729 | -1.1967293 | 14.3 |
| PreferredOne Insurance Company (PIC) Special Project: MN Commercial | Minnesota | 3.196729 | -1.1967293 | 14.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Minnesota) | Minnesota | 2.889508 | 0.1104919 | 14.3 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Tennessee, Inc. | Mississippi | 3.590027 | 0.4099729 | 19.3 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Mississippi) | Mississippi | 3.468532 | 0.5314679 | 19.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Mississippi) | Mississippi | 3.468532 | 0.5314679 | 19.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Mississippi) | Mississippi | 3.512166 | 0.4878343 | 19.3 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Mississippi | Mississippi | 3.590027 | -0.0900271 | 19.3 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Mississippi | Mississippi | 3.590876 | -0.0908761 | 19.3 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City, Good Health HMO, Inc. | Missouri | 3.424995 | 0.5750053 | 16.1 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City | Missouri | 3.424995 | -0.4249947 | 16.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Missouri | Missouri | 3.266057 | 0.2339432 | 16.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Missouri | Missouri | 3.266906 | 0.2330942 | 16.1 |
| Coventry Health Care of Missouri, Inc. | Missouri | 3.116169 | -0.1161692 | 16.1 |
| HMO Missouri, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield in Missouri | Missouri | 3.738300 | -0.7383000 | 16.1 |
| Humana Health Plan Inc. - Kansas City | Missouri | 2.973616 | 1.0263844 | 16.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Missouri) | Missouri | 3.144562 | -0.1445618 | 16.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Missouri) | Missouri | 3.144562 | -0.1445618 | 16.1 |
| Coventry Health and Life Insurance Company (Missouri) | Missouri | 3.116169 | 0.3838308 | 16.1 |
| Humana Insurance Company (KS, MO) | Missouri | 2.973616 | -0.9736156 | 16.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Missouri) | Missouri | 3.188195 | 0.3118046 | 16.1 |
| Cigna HealthCare of St. Louis, Inc. | Missouri | 3.266057 | -0.7660568 | 16.1 |
| Coventry Health and Life Insurance Company (Western Missouri) | Missouri | 3.116169 | -1.1161692 | 16.1 |
| RightCHOICE Managed Care, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Missouri Special Project: Federal Employee Program | Missouri | 3.738300 | 0.2617000 | 16.1 |
| United HealthCare Services, Inc. (Montana) | Montana | 2.577821 | -0.0778207 | 15.8 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Montana) | Montana | 2.577821 | -0.0778207 | 15.8 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Montana/South Dakota | Montana | 2.699316 | 0.8006843 | 15.8 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Montana/South Dakota | Montana | 2.700165 | 0.7998353 | 15.8 |
| PacificSource Health Plans - Montana | Montana | 2.928676 | -0.9286755 | 15.8 |
| Health Alliance Midwest, Inc. | Nebraska | 3.113514 | 0.3864858 | 17.1 |
| Health Alliance Midwest, Inc. | Nebraska | 3.113514 | -0.1135142 | 17.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Nebraska) | Nebraska | 2.683435 | -0.1834349 | 17.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Nebraska) | Nebraska | 2.683435 | -0.1834349 | 17.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Nebraska) | Nebraska | 2.727069 | 0.2729314 | 17.1 |
| Avera Health Plans, Inc. | Nebraska | 3.034290 | 0.4657102 | 17.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Nebraska | Nebraska | 2.804930 | 0.1950700 | 17.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Nebraska | Nebraska | 2.805779 | 0.1942210 | 17.1 |
| Coventry Health and Life Insurance Company (Nebraska) | Nebraska | 2.655042 | 0.3449576 | 17.1 |
| Coventry Health Care of Nebraska, Inc. | Nebraska | 2.655042 | -0.1550424 | 17.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Arizona | Nevada | 2.405620 | 0.0943800 | 26.7 |
| Aetna Health of Utah Inc. dba Altius Health Plans Inc. | Nevada | 2.405620 | -0.9056200 | 26.7 |
| Health Plan of Nevada, Inc. | Nevada | 2.712841 | -1.7128413 | 26.7 |
| Prominence Health Plan | Nevada | 2.712841 | -1.2128413 | 26.7 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Nevada) | Nevada | 2.405620 | 0.0943800 | 26.7 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Nevada | Nevada | 2.483481 | -0.4834814 | 26.7 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Nevada | Nevada | 2.484330 | -0.4843304 | 26.7 |
| Sierra Health & Life | Nevada | 2.712841 | -1.7128413 | 26.7 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Nevada) | Nevada | 2.361986 | -0.3619864 | 26.7 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Nevada) | Nevada | 2.361986 | -0.3619864 | 26.7 |
| Rocky Mountain Hospital & Medical Services Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield (Nevada) Special Project: Federal Employee Program | Nevada | 2.955725 | -0.4557246 | 26.7 |
| Anthem Health Plans of New Hampshire, Inc. d/b/a/ Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in New Hampshire | New Hampshire | 3.798962 | 0.2010376 | 11.6 |
| Harvard Pilgrim Health Care of New England (NH) | New Hampshire | 3.556079 | -0.0560790 | 11.6 |
| Martin’s Point US Family Health Plan (NH, NY, PA, VT) | New Hampshire | 3.556079 | 1.4439210 | 11.6 |
| Matthew Thornton Health Plan, Inc. dba Anthem Health Plan of NH, Inc. | New Hampshire | 3.798962 | 0.2010376 | 11.6 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - New Hampshire | New Hampshire | 3.326719 | 0.6732808 | 11.6 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - New Hampshire | New Hampshire | 3.327568 | 0.6724319 | 11.6 |
| United HealthCare Services, Inc. (New Hampshire) | New Hampshire | 3.205224 | -0.2052241 | 11.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (New Hampshire) | New Hampshire | 3.205224 | -0.2052241 | 11.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (NH/VT) | New Hampshire | 3.248858 | -0.2488578 | 11.6 |
| Anthem Health Plans of New Hampshire, Inc. d/b/a/ Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in New Hampshire Special Project: Federal Employee Program | New Hampshire | 3.798962 | 0.7010376 | 11.6 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (New Jersey) | New Jersey | 3.089628 | 0.9103717 | 15.9 |
| Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey, Inc. | New Jersey | 3.326428 | 0.6735724 | 15.9 |
| Horizon Healthcare Services, Inc. /dba/ Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey, Inc. | New Jersey | 3.326428 | 0.6735724 | 15.9 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (New Jersey) | New Jersey | 3.089628 | -0.5896283 | 15.9 |
| AmeriHealth Insurance Company of New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.396850 | -0.8968495 | 15.9 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.167490 | -0.1674897 | 15.9 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.168339 | -0.1683386 | 15.9 |
| Horizon Healthcare Services, Inc. /dba/ Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey, Inc. | New Jersey | 3.326428 | -1.3264276 | 15.9 |
| Oxford Health Insurance Company, Inc. - New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.396850 | -1.3968495 | 15.9 |
| AmeriHealth HMO, Inc. - New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.396850 | -1.3968495 | 15.9 |
| AmeriHealth Insurance Company of New Jersey | New Jersey | 3.396850 | -0.8968495 | 15.9 |
| Oxford Health Plans of New Jersey Special Project: NJ Commercial | New Jersey | 3.396850 | -1.3968495 | 15.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (New Jersey) | New Jersey | 3.045995 | -1.0459946 | 15.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services, Inc (New Jersey) | New Jersey | 3.045995 | -1.0459946 | 15.9 |
| Presbyterian Health Plan, Inc. | New Mexico | 2.265438 | 0.2345617 | 20.8 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New Mexico | New Mexico | 2.195016 | -0.1950164 | 20.8 |
| Presbyterian Insurance Company | New Mexico | 2.265438 | -0.7654383 | 20.8 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (New Mexico) | New Mexico | 1.914583 | 0.0854165 | 20.8 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (New Mexico) | New Mexico | 1.914583 | 0.0854165 | 20.8 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (New Mexico) | New Mexico | 1.958217 | 0.0417829 | 20.8 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - New Mexico | New Mexico | 2.036078 | -0.0360785 | 20.8 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - New Mexico | New Mexico | 2.036928 | -0.0369275 | 20.8 |
| Capital District Physicians’ Health Plan, Inc. (CDPHP) | New York | 3.239446 | 1.7605539 | 12.1 |
| Capital District Physicians’ Healthcare Network, Inc. (CDPHN) | New York | 3.239446 | 1.7605539 | 12.1 |
| Capital District Physicians’ Healthcare Network, Inc. (CDPHN) | New York | 3.239446 | 0.7605539 | 12.1 |
| CDPHP Universal Benefits, Inc. | New York | 3.239446 | 0.7605539 | 12.1 |
| HealthNow New York, Inc. | New York | 3.239446 | 0.7605539 | 12.1 |
| Independent Health Association, Inc. | New York | 3.239446 | 0.7605539 | 12.1 |
| Martin’s Point US Family Health Plan (NH, NY, PA, VT) | New York | 3.239446 | 1.7605539 | 12.1 |
| MVP Health Care, Inc. | New York | 3.239446 | 1.2605539 | 12.1 |
| Excellus BlueCross BlueShield | New York | 3.169024 | 0.3309758 | 12.1 |
| Univera Healthcare | New York | 3.239446 | 0.2605539 | 12.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (New York) | New York | 2.932225 | -0.4322248 | 12.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - New York | New York | 3.010086 | -0.5100863 | 12.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - New York | New York | 3.010935 | -0.5109352 | 12.1 |
| HIP Health Plan of New York | New York | 3.239446 | -1.2394461 | 12.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (New York) | New York | 2.932225 | 0.5677752 | 12.1 |
| Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc. d/b/a Empire BlueCross BlueShield HMO | New York | 3.169024 | -1.6690242 | 12.1 |
| Oxford Health Insurance Company, Inc. - New York | New York | 3.239446 | -0.7394461 | 12.1 |
| Oxford Health Plans of New York | New York | 3.239446 | -0.7394461 | 12.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company of New York | New York | 2.888591 | -0.8885912 | 12.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services, LLC ( New York) | New York | 2.888591 | -0.8885912 | 12.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) – North Carolina dba Coventry Health Care of the Carolinas, Inc. | North Carolina | 2.632207 | 1.3677930 | 16.2 |
| Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina | North Carolina | 2.941032 | 0.0589675 | 16.2 |
| Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina | North Carolina | 2.941032 | -0.9410325 | 16.2 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - North Carolina | North Carolina | 2.782095 | 0.7179054 | 16.2 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - North Carolina | North Carolina | 2.782944 | 0.7170564 | 16.2 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (North Carolina) | North Carolina | 2.660600 | -0.1605996 | 16.2 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (North Carolina) | North Carolina | 2.660600 | -0.1605996 | 16.2 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (North Carolina) | North Carolina | 2.704233 | 0.7957668 | 16.2 |
| Medica Health Plans (MHP) | North Dakota | 3.013951 | -0.0139506 | 11.9 |
| Medica Insurance Company (MIC) | North Dakota | 3.013951 | -0.0139506 | 11.9 |
| Medica Self-Insured (MSI) | North Dakota | 3.013951 | -0.0139506 | 11.9 |
| Sanford Health Plan | North Dakota | 3.368265 | -0.3682649 | 11.9 |
| AultCare Insurance Company | Ohio | 3.290506 | 1.7094938 | 15.6 |
| Paramount Insurance Company | Ohio | 3.290506 | 0.7094938 | 15.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Ohio) | Ohio | 2.983285 | 0.0167150 | 15.6 |
| AultCare Corporation | Ohio | 3.290506 | 0.2094938 | 15.6 |
| Community Insurance Company dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Ohio | Ohio | 3.533390 | -0.5333896 | 15.6 |
| HealthSpan Integrated Care | Ohio | 3.290506 | -0.2905062 | 15.6 |
| Humana Health Plan of Ohio, Inc. | Ohio | 2.768705 | 0.2312949 | 15.6 |
| Medical Mutual of Ohio | Ohio | 3.290506 | 0.2094938 | 15.6 |
| Summa Insurance Company, Inc | Ohio | 3.290506 | -0.2905062 | 15.6 |
| The Health Plan of the Upper Ohio Valley, Inc. dba The Health Plan | Ohio | 3.290506 | 0.2094938 | 15.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Ohio) | Ohio | 2.939651 | -0.4396514 | 15.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services, Inc. (Ohio) | Ohio | 2.939651 | -0.4396514 | 15.6 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Ohio | Ohio | 2.983285 | -0.4832850 | 15.6 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Ohio | Ohio | 3.061146 | -0.5611464 | 15.6 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Ohio | Ohio | 3.061995 | -0.5619954 | 15.6 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Oklahoma) | Oklahoma | 3.040685 | 0.4593146 | 19.6 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Oklahoma) | Oklahoma | 2.997052 | 0.5029482 | 19.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Oklahoma) | Oklahoma | 2.997052 | 0.5029482 | 19.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare of Oklahoma | Oklahoma | 2.997052 | -0.4970518 | 19.6 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Northwest, Inc. | Oregon | 2.744217 | 0.2557827 | 23.7 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Oregon | Oregon | 2.097066 | 0.4029339 | 23.7 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Oregon | Oregon | 2.097915 | 0.4020850 | 23.7 |
| Moda Health Plan, Inc. (Oregon) | Oregon | 2.326426 | -0.8264259 | 23.7 |
| PacificSource Health Plans - Oregon | Oregon | 2.326426 | 0.6735741 | 23.7 |
| Providence Health Plans - Oregon | Oregon | 2.326426 | 0.1735741 | 23.7 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Oregon) | Oregon | 1.975571 | 0.0244290 | 23.7 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Oregon) | Oregon | 1.975571 | 0.0244290 | 23.7 |
| Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Oregon | Oregon | 2.256004 | 0.7439960 | 23.7 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Oregon) | Oregon | 2.019205 | -0.0192046 | 23.7 |
| LifeWise Health Plan of Oregon, Inc. | Oregon | 2.326426 | -0.3264259 | 23.7 |
| UPMC Benefit Management Services, INC. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 1.0129327 | 12.7 |
| UPMC Health Coverage, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 1.0129327 | 12.7 |
| UPMC Health Plan, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 1.0129327 | 12.7 |
| Highmark Choice Company | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.5129327 | 12.7 |
| Martin’s Point US Family Health Plan (NH, NY, PA, VT) | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 1.5129327 | 12.7 |
| UPMC Benefit Management Services, INC. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.4870673 | 12.7 |
| UPMC Health Network, INC | Pennsylvania | 3.144560 | -0.1445600 | 12.7 |
| UPMC Health Options, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.4870673 | 12.7 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) dba HealthAmerica Pennsylvania, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.179846 | -0.1798461 | 12.7 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Pennsylvania) | Pennsylvania | 3.179846 | -0.1798461 | 12.7 |
| Capital Advantage Insurance Company | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.0129327 | 12.7 |
| Geisinger Health Plan | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.9870673 | 12.7 |
| Geisinger Quality Options | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.0129327 | 12.7 |
| HealthAssurance Pennsylvania, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.4870673 | 12.7 |
| Highmark Coverage Advantage | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.5129327 | 12.7 |
| Highmark Health Insurance Company (HHIC) | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.9870673 | 12.7 |
| HMO of Northeastern Pennsylvania, Inc. d/b/a First Priority Health | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | -0.9870673 | 12.7 |
| Keystone Health Plan Central | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.0129327 | 12.7 |
| Keystone Health Plan East, Inc. | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.5129327 | 12.7 |
| QCC Insurance Company (Personal Choice) | Pennsylvania | 3.487067 | 0.5129327 | 12.7 |
| Tufts Associated Health Maintenance Organization, Inc. | Rhode Island | 3.095381 | 0.4046188 | 10.1 |
| Tufts Benefit Administrators, Inc. | Rhode Island | 3.095381 | 0.9046188 | 10.1 |
| Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Rhode Island | Rhode Island | 3.024959 | 0.4750407 | 10.1 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Rhode Island) | Rhode Island | 2.744526 | 1.2554736 | 10.1 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company - Rhode Island | Rhode Island | 2.744526 | 1.2554736 | 10.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Rhode Island | Rhode Island | 2.866021 | -0.3660214 | 10.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Rhode Island | Rhode Island | 2.866870 | -0.3668704 | 10.1 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Rhode Island) | Rhode Island | 2.788160 | 0.2118400 | 10.1 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) – North Carolina dba Coventry Health Care of the Carolinas, Inc. | South Carolina | 3.161988 | 0.8380117 | 18.7 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - South Carolina | South Carolina | 3.311876 | 0.1881241 | 18.7 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - South Carolina | South Carolina | 3.312725 | 0.1872752 | 18.7 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (South Carolina) | South Carolina | 3.190381 | -0.1903808 | 18.7 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (South Carolina) | South Carolina | 3.190381 | -0.1903808 | 18.7 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (South Carolina) | South Carolina | 3.234014 | -0.2340144 | 18.7 |
| BlueChoice HealthPlan of South Carolina | South Carolina | 3.470814 | -0.4708138 | 18.7 |
| Medica Insurance Company (MIC) | South Dakota | 3.060674 | -0.0606742 | 12.1 |
| Medica Self-Insured (MSI) | South Dakota | 3.060674 | -0.0606742 | 12.1 |
| Sanford Health Plan | South Dakota | 3.414989 | -0.4149886 | 12.1 |
| Avera Health Plans, Inc. | South Dakota | 3.414989 | 0.0850114 | 12.1 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Montana/South Dakota | South Dakota | 3.185629 | 0.3143712 | 12.1 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Montana/South Dakota | South Dakota | 3.186478 | 0.3135222 | 12.1 |
| BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee, Inc. | Tennessee | 3.703026 | 0.7969735 | 14.3 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Tennessee, Inc. | Tennessee | 3.544089 | 0.4559113 | 14.3 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Tennessee | Tennessee | 3.466227 | 0.0337728 | 14.3 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Tennessee | Tennessee | 3.544089 | -0.0440887 | 14.3 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Tennessee | Tennessee | 3.544938 | -0.0449376 | 14.3 |
| Humana Health Plan Inc. - Tennessee | Tennessee | 3.251647 | 0.7483526 | 14.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Plan of the River Valley, Inc. | Tennessee | 3.422594 | 0.0774064 | 14.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Services Company of the River Valley, Inc. | Tennessee | 3.422594 | 0.0774064 | 14.3 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Tennessee) | Tennessee | 3.422594 | 0.0774064 | 14.3 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Tennessee) | Tennessee | 3.422594 | 0.0774064 | 14.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Tennessee) | Tennessee | 3.466227 | 0.5337728 | 14.3 |
| Scott and White Health Plan | Texas | 2.936022 | 1.0639782 | 25.4 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Texas) | Texas | 2.628801 | 0.8711994 | 25.4 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Texas | Texas | 2.706662 | 0.7933380 | 25.4 |
| Community First Health Plans, Inc. | Texas | 2.936022 | -0.4360218 | 25.4 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Texas | Texas | 2.707511 | 0.7924890 | 25.4 |
| Humana Health Plan of Texas, Inc. Special Project / Area: TX Commercial / Austin, TX | Texas | 2.414221 | -0.4142207 | 25.4 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Texas) | Texas | 2.585167 | 0.9148330 | 25.4 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Texas) | Texas | 2.585167 | 0.9148330 | 25.4 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Texas) | Texas | 2.628801 | -0.1288006 | 25.4 |
| Cigna HealthCare of Texas, Inc. | Texas | 2.706662 | 0.2933380 | 25.4 |
| Humana Health Plan of Texas, Inc. Special Project / Area: TX Commercial / Houston, TX | Texas | 2.414221 | 0.0857793 | 25.4 |
| Humana Health Plan of Texas, Inc. Special Project / Area: TX Commercial / Corpus Christi, TX | Texas | 2.414221 | 0.5857793 | 25.4 |
| Humana Health Plan of Texas, Inc. Special Project / Area: TX Commercial / San Antonio, TX | Texas | 2.414221 | 0.0857793 | 25.4 |
| Humana Insurance Company (Texas) | Texas | 2.414221 | -0.4142207 | 25.4 |
| CHRISTUS Health Plan | Texas | 2.936022 | 1.0639782 | 25.4 |
| SelectHealth Inc. | Utah | 2.399040 | 1.1009595 | 16.5 |
| Aetna Health of Utah Inc. dba Altius Health Plans Inc. | Utah | 2.091819 | -0.5918192 | 16.5 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Utah) | Utah | 2.091819 | -0.0918192 | 16.5 |
| Humana Insurance Company (Utah) | Utah | 1.877239 | 0.1227606 | 16.5 |
| Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Utah | Utah | 2.328619 | 0.1713814 | 16.5 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Utah) | Utah | 2.048186 | -0.5481856 | 16.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Utah) | Utah | 2.048186 | -0.5481856 | 16.5 |
| Martin’s Point US Family Health Plan (NH, NY, PA, VT) | Vermont | 3.573414 | 1.4265856 | 2.8 |
| MVP Health Care, Inc. | Vermont | 3.573414 | 0.9265856 | 2.8 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Vermont | Vermont | 3.502992 | -0.0029925 | 2.8 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Vermont | Vermont | 3.502992 | -0.0029925 | 2.8 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Vermont | Vermont | 3.344055 | -0.8440546 | 2.8 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Vermont | Vermont | 3.344904 | -0.8449035 | 2.8 |
| The Vermont Health Plan | Vermont | 3.573414 | -0.0734144 | 2.8 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (NH/VT) | Vermont | 3.266193 | -0.2661932 | 2.8 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid-Atlantic States, Inc. | Virginia | 3.468313 | 0.5316874 | 15.9 |
| MD - Individual Practice Association, Inc. | Virginia | 3.050521 | 0.4494789 | 15.9 |
| Optima Health Plan | Virginia | 3.050521 | -0.0505211 | 15.9 |
| Aetna Health Inc. (Pennsylvania) - Maryland | Virginia | 2.743300 | -0.7432999 | 15.9 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Virginia) | Virginia | 2.743300 | 0.7567001 | 15.9 |
| Anthem Health Plans of Virginia, Inc. dba Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield of Virginia | Virginia | 3.293404 | -0.2934045 | 15.9 |
| CareFirst BlueChoice | Virginia | 2.980099 | -0.4800992 | 15.9 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Virginia/District of Columbia | Virginia | 2.821161 | -0.3211613 | 15.9 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Virginia/District of Columbia | Virginia | 2.822010 | -0.3220103 | 15.9 |
| Coventry Health Care of Virginia, Inc. | Virginia | 2.671274 | 0.3287263 | 15.9 |
| Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc. (GHMSI) | Virginia | 3.050521 | -0.0505211 | 15.9 |
| Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc. (GHMSI) | Virginia | 3.050521 | -0.5505211 | 15.9 |
| HealthKeepers, Inc. | Virginia | 3.050521 | -0.5505211 | 15.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. | Virginia | 2.699666 | -0.6996663 | 15.9 |
| Optimum Choice, Inc. | Virginia | 3.050521 | -1.0505211 | 15.9 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Virginia) | Virginia | 2.699666 | -0.6996663 | 15.9 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Virginia) | Virginia | 2.699666 | -0.6996663 | 15.9 |
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Northwest, Inc. | Washington | 3.077446 | -0.0774456 | 19.7 |
| Group Health Cooperative | Washington | 2.545007 | -0.5450069 | 19.7 |
| Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company - Washington | Washington | 2.430294 | 0.0697057 | 19.7 |
| Connecticut General Life Insurance Company - Washington | Washington | 2.431143 | 0.0688567 | 19.7 |
| Group Health Options, Inc. | Washington | 2.545007 | -0.5450069 | 19.7 |
| Group Health Options, Inc. | Washington | 2.545007 | -0.5450069 | 19.7 |
| Providence Health Plans - Oregon | Washington | 2.659654 | -0.1596542 | 19.7 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Washington) | Washington | 2.308799 | -0.3087993 | 19.7 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Washington) | Washington | 2.308799 | -0.3087993 | 19.7 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (Washington) | Washington | 2.352433 | -0.3524329 | 19.7 |
| LifeWise Health Plan of Washington | Washington | 2.659654 | -0.6596542 | 19.7 |
| Premera Blue Cross | Washington | 2.589232 | 0.9107678 | 19.7 |
| Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Oregon | Washington | 2.589232 | 0.4107678 | 19.7 |
| Regence BlueShield | Washington | 2.589232 | 0.4107678 | 19.7 |
| Asuris Northwest Health | Washington | 2.659654 | -0.1596542 | 19.7 |
| Regence BlueShield of Idaho | Washington | 2.589232 | -0.0892322 | 19.7 |
| Highmark West Virginia, Inc. | West Virginia | 3.227873 | 0.2721269 | 21.3 |
| The Health Plan of the Upper Ohio Valley, Inc. dba The Health Plan | West Virginia | 3.227873 | 0.2721269 | 21.3 |
| Aetna Life Insurance Company (West Virginia) | West Virginia | 2.920652 | 0.5793482 | 21.3 |
| Optimum Choice, Inc. | West Virginia | 3.227873 | -1.2278731 | 21.3 |
| Dean Health Plan, Inc. | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | 0.4909081 | 9.5 |
| Group Health Cooperative of South Central Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 3.394445 | 0.1055553 | 9.5 |
| Gundersen Health Plan, Inc. | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -0.5090919 | 9.5 |
| HealthPartners Administrators Inc. | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | 0.4909081 | 9.5 |
| Network Health Plan | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -0.0090919 | 9.5 |
| Physicians Plus Insurance Corporation | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -1.0090919 | 9.5 |
| Security Health Plan of Wisconsin, Inc | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -0.0090919 | 9.5 |
| Unity Health Plans Insurance Corporation | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -0.0090919 | 9.5 |
| Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Illinois, a Division of Health Care Service Corporation | Wisconsin | 3.438670 | -0.4386700 | 9.5 |
| Compcare Health Services Insurance Corporation dba Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield in Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 3.751975 | -0.7519753 | 9.5 |
| Group Health Cooperative of Eau Claire | Wisconsin | 3.394445 | 1.1055553 | 9.5 |
| Humana Insurance Company (Wisconsin) | Wisconsin | 2.987291 | 1.0127092 | 9.5 |
| Humana Wisconsin Health Organization Insurance Corporation | Wisconsin | 2.987291 | 0.0127092 | 9.5 |
| Medica Insurance Company (MIC) | Wisconsin | 3.154777 | -0.1547775 | 9.5 |
| Medica Self-Insured (MSI) | Wisconsin | 3.154777 | -0.1547775 | 9.5 |
| Medical Associates Clinic Health Plan of Wisconsin dba Medical Associates Health Plans Special Project: Accreditation | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | 0.4909081 | 9.5 |
| MercyCare HMO, Inc d/b/a/ MercyCare Health Plans | Wisconsin | 3.509092 | -0.5090919 | 9.5 |
| United Healthcare Services, Inc (Wisconsin) | Wisconsin | 3.158237 | 0.3417629 | 9.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Wisconsin) | Wisconsin | 3.158237 | 0.3417629 | 9.5 |
| UnitedHealthcare of Wisconsin, Inc. | Wisconsin | 3.158237 | -0.1582371 | 9.5 |
| Aetna Health of Utah Inc. dba Altius Health Plans Inc. | Wyoming | 2.633503 | -1.1335034 | 23.6 |
| United HealthCare Services, Inc. (Wyoming) | Wyoming | 2.589870 | 0.4101302 | 23.6 |
| UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (Wyoming) | Wyoming | 2.589870 | 0.4101302 | 23.6 |
#> GVIF Df GVIF^(1/(2*Df))
#> pct_no_place_care_2014 2.555491 1 1.598590
#> pct_any_mental_illness_2016 1.312066 1 1.145455
#> insur_spend_per_cap_2014 1.691334 1 1.300513
#> pct_hispanic_2016 3.457424 1 1.859415
#> num_for_profit_beds_2016 1.725636 1 1.313635
#> cancer_death_rate_2016 2.147175 1 1.465324
#> plantype 1.332674 13 1.011107
##Bibliography